How about ternary lithium battery
Essentially, lithium is the lightest metal with the smallest atomic mass,
with an atomic weight of 6.94g/mol and ρ=0.53g/cm3. Since lithium is chemically
active and easily loses electrons and is oxidized to Li+, the standard electrode
potential is the most negative at -3.045V and the minimum electrochemical
equivalent is 0.26g/Ah. High specific energy materials. Ternary LR41 battery
refer to lithium secondary batteries that use nickel, cobalt and manganese
triple transition metal oxides as positive electrode materials. Combining the
excellent cycle performance of lithium cobalt oxide, the high specific capacity
of lithium to nickel ratio, and the high safety and low cost of lithium
manganate, nickel was synthesized using molecular-level mixing, doping, coating
and surface modification methods. A complex lithium interlayer oxide containing
several elements such as cobalt and manganese. It is a widely researched and
applied lithium-ion rechargeable battery.
The life of the third lithium battery
The so-called lithium battery life means that after a period of use, the
battery capacity will reduce to 70% of the nominal capacity (battery capacity at
room temperature 25°C, standard atmospheric pressure and 0.2C discharge). In
industry, cycle life is usually calculated by the number of cycles when a
lithium battery is fully charged and discharged. During use, irreversible
electrochemical reactions occur inside the lithium battery, thereby reducing its
capacity, such as electrolyte decomposition, active material deactivation,
positive and negative electrode structure collapse, and the number of lithium
ions. Experiments show that the faster the discharge rate, the faster the
capacity decreases, the lower the discharge current, the battery voltage reaches
the equilibrium voltage, and more energy is released.
The theoretical life of ternary LR41 battery is about 800 times, which is
the middle level of commercial rechargeable LR41 battery. Lithium iron phosphate
has about 2000 cycles, and lithium titanate is said to reach 10,000 cycles. At
present, mainstream battery manufacturers have promised more than 500 times of
triple battery specifications (charging and discharging under standard
conditions). However, after the battery pack is assembled into the battery pack,
the resistance cannot be fully guaranteed due to consistency issues, voltage and
internal resistance. The same, the cycle life is about 400 times. The
manufacturer recommends that the window to enable SOC ranges from 10% to 90%,
and atrial discharge is not recommended. Otherwise, irreversible damage may be
caused to the battery's positive and negative electrode structures. In addition,
when LR41 battery are frequently discharged in high temperature and high
temperature environments, the battery life will be greatly shortened to less
than 200 times.
The advantages and disadvantages of ternary LR41 battery
Ternary LR41 battery are relatively balanced in terms of capacity and
safety, and are batteries with excellent overall performance. The main
characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of these three metallic elements
are:
Co3+: Reduce the mixing proportion of cations, stabilize the layer
structure of the material, reduce the resistance value, increase the
conductivity, and improve cycle and speed performance.
Ni2+: can increase the capacity of the material (increase the energy
density of the material). Since the radii of Li and Ni are similar, too much Ni
will cause lithium-nickel mixed discharge due to the potential of Li and the
concentration of nickel ions in the lithium layer. The larger the lithium, the
more difficult it is to deintercalate lithium in the layered structure,
resulting in lower electrochemical performance. Mn4+: Not only can it reduce
material costs, but it can also improve the safety and stability of materials.
However, if the Mn content is too high, the spinel phase will easily appear and
destroy the layer structure, thereby reducing the capacity and cycle
damping.
High energy density is the biggest advantage of ternary LR41 battery. The
voltage platform is an important indicator of battery energy density. It
determines the basic efficiency and cost of the battery. The higher the voltage
platform, the greater the specific capacity. An-time battery and three-material
lithium battery on high-voltage platform have longer battery life. The discharge
voltage platform of a single triple-effect lithium battery is only 3.7V, lithium
phosphate is 3.2V, and lithium titanate is only 2.3V, so in terms of energy
density, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate or lithium titanate is the
absolute advantage . There is this
Poor safety and short cycle life are the main disadvantages of tri-LR41
battery, especially safety performance, which have become the main limiting
factors for large-scale deployment and large-scale integrated applications. Many
practical tests have shown that large three-way batteries are difficult to pass
safety tests such as acupuncture and overcharging. Therefore, large-capacity
batteries usually introduce more manganese and use lithium manganate. The cycle
life of 500 times is in the middle of LR41 battery, so the most important
application of 3-element LR41 battery is consumer electronics such as 3C digital
products.
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