Let the development of lithium-ion batteries be more "reasonable", attach
importance to technological innovation and encourage intelligent and
environmental protection
The market size of lithium battery industry has reached 82 billion yuan
Mobile phones, electric vehicles, power tools, digital cameras, tablets,
wearable devices, etc. are developing rapidly, and more and more products and
scenarios require the use of lithium-ion batteries. Data shows that the market
size of my country's lithium battery industry reached 82 billion yuan in 2018.
Due to the technological innovation, performance and safety improvements of
lithium battery manufacturers, people's demand for lithium batteries will
continue to grow. It is expected that by 2024, the market size of my country's
lithium battery industry will exceed 150 billion yuan.
Dr. Sun Wei, technical director of Zhejiang Tianneng Energy Technology Co.,
Ltd., said in an exclusive interview with a reporter from Science and Technology
Daily that my country's lithium-ion battery industry has taken over the transfer
of the global market and is developing rapidly; the overall scale continues to
expand, and the current upstream and downstream linkages, the industrial chain
Gradually mature; the adjustment of industrial structure has promoted the active
layout of various regions, and the rise of domestic leading enterprises has
accelerated, and "the strong will always be strong."
At present, my country's Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta,
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and other places have become agglomeration areas for the
lithium-ion battery industry. Due to high technical barriers to high-end
lithium-ion batteries, technology-intensive areas represented by Beijing,
Jiangsu, Shanghai, etc. will be in the future. On the basis of existing
technology leadership, it continues to maintain its monopoly position in
high-end battery materials, and as new energy vehicles improve the performance
requirements of power batteries, the advantages will become more obvious.
Although the development prospects of the lithium-ion battery industry are
good, Sun Wei also said that the bottlenecks restricting the development of the
lithium-ion battery industry cannot be ignored. For example, in terms of safety
technology bottlenecks, safety structural design is ignored, and thermal runaway
phenomena occur frequently; the manufacturing process does not meet the
requirements for high-quality products, and battery pack consistency issues need
to be improved; costs remain high, and core material technologies need to be
broken through; and the standard system is missing , it is urgent to speed up
the formulation and revision work; the market order is chaotic, and disorderly
competition among enterprises is serious; safety supervision responsibilities
are not in place, and the role of industry management has not been effectively
played; green manufacturing and intelligent manufacturing have just started, and
need to be accelerated.
Focus on technological innovation and smart, green manufacturing
The previous "Lithium-ion Battery Industry Standard Conditions" and
"Lithium-ion Battery Industry Standard Announcement Management Interim Measures"
were issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in 2015. This
revision is the first revision of two normative documents based on more than
three years of development and practice in my country's lithium battery
industry. So, what are the highlights of the revision?
Among them, a highlight of the new document is the shift from the original
focus on production capacity to a focus on technological innovation, and the
requirements for production capacity in the 2015 version have been deleted. For
example, the annual battery production capacity should not be less than 100
million watt hours, and the annual production capacity of positive and negative
electrode materials should be equal to Not less than 2,000 tons, etc.; a number
of new requirements for technological innovation have been added, such as
R&D expenditures not less than 3% of the company's main business income for
the year, and companies are encouraged to obtain high-tech enterprise
qualifications or provincial-level or above R&D institutions and technology
centers wait.
Sun Wei said that the new document not only re-standardizes the company's
production scale and process technology, but also uses more scientific and
accurate words. For example, "Detection capabilities of magnetic foreign matter
and zinc, copper and other metal impurities in battery positive and negative
electrode materials", "magnetic foreign matter" was used to replace "iron" in
the 2015 version, which is in line with the industry's research and development
and utilization of new materials for lithium-ion batteries. .
The second highlight is the improvement of testing capabilities and quality
management requirements for production companies. "In terms of testing, the new
document adds that companies should have product quality testing capabilities,
and clearly stipulates the requirements to be met." Sun Wei said, for example,
it is stipulated that lithium-ion battery manufacturing companies should have
battery cycle life and high performance that meet the standards. Low-temperature
discharge and other electrical performance testing capabilities, etc., and the
testing capabilities of material companies have been standardized.
For example, in the document, the detection accuracy of magnetic foreign
matter and metallic impurities such as zinc and copper in battery positive and
negative electrode materials has been upgraded from "not less than 1ppm" to "not
less than 10ppb", and the requirements have been increased hundreds of times.
This is not only a requirement for testing, but also emphasizes the quality
management system, such as being able to identify "magnetic foreign matter and
metal impurities exceeding standards" during the production process.
The third highlight is that the content of the new document is more
scientific and specific, especially the detailed technical indicators have been
deleted and replaced with content on intelligent manufacturing and green
manufacturing.
Sun Wei analyzed that the new document encourages enterprises to "promote
the upgrading of automation equipment", create a green supply chain, establish a
procurement, production, marketing, recycling and logistics system oriented
towards resource conservation and environmental friendliness, and promote the
cooperation of stakeholders in the supply chain. Comply with industry standards
and regulations, implement the extended producer responsibility system, and
establish a waste lithium-ion battery recycling and processing system; and
encourage enterprises to build green factories by referring to the "General
Principles for Green Factory Evaluation" (GB/T 36132) and other requirements. In
particular, environmental protection has been re-regulated and the role of
advanced equipment in energy conservation and environmental protection has been
strengthened. For example, equipment that seriously pollutes the environment and
uses backward energy that has been eliminated by the state must not be used;
social responsibility is emphasized and encouraged to "fulfill social
responsibility and invest in poverty-stricken areas", which is closely linked to
the country's poverty alleviation policy.
Contribute to the survival of the fittest and orderly competition in the
industry
my country's lithium-ion battery industry has been in a state of
"insufficient high-quality production capacity." For example, in the field of
power batteries, power battery companies outside the top ten have a total market
demand of about 13%, but they account for about 55% of the industry's total
production capacity. , most of which belongs to low-end production capacity, and
its capacity utilization rate is only about 10%, which has lowered the overall
capacity utilization index of the industry. Although the "Interim Measures for
the Management of Lithium-ion Battery Industry Standard Announcements" issued
this time exclude "power batteries for new energy vehicles" from the scope of
applicable enterprises, in 2016, the proportion of power batteries in
lithium-ion battery production was 45.08%.
Yin Chengliang, deputy dean of Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Automotive
Engineering Research Institute, believes that following technological changes
such as lead-acid and nickel metal hydride, lithium-ion batteries are currently
booming, but my country's nearly 200 power battery companies are too large in
scale and are in great need of mergers and acquisitions. and integration.
Performance reports for the first three quarters of 2018 show that my
country's small and medium-sized battery companies suffered substantial losses.
Although the new document does not include power batteries used in new energy
vehicles, industry insiders believe that this will definitely have an impact on
the development and regulation of the vehicle power battery industry.
"For the lithium-ion battery industry, the new document clearly regulates
issues such as safety and intelligent manufacturing, which will help lithium
battery companies develop healthily from disorderly competition to orderly
competition." Sun Wei said that due to the regulations The content is more
specific and operable, and the concepts of intelligent and green manufacturing
are clearer. This also clarifies the development direction of the enterprise and
provides "rules to follow" in the development process.
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