6F22 carbon battery.Lithium battery energy storage from the perspective of technology, application and operation

　　"Thanks to the continuous introduction of support policies in various countries and the continuous improvement of manufacturing processes in recent years, lithium-ion batteries, as the energy storage medium of energy storage systems, will be the best choice for the market." This is what Huang Shilin, vice chairman of CATL, said in 2019 Judgment at the Industrial Lithium Battery Energy Storage Conference. Huang Shilin's main basis for making this judgment is that power and energy storage battery technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Key technical indicators such as battery safety, cycle life and energy density have been greatly improved. Application costs have dropped rapidly. The lithium battery industry chain It has also achieved great development and is becoming increasingly mature. Special energy storage lithium battery products and production capacity are now ready for commercial promotion. However, it is worth noting that commercially operated lithium battery energy storage is still in the initial stage of exploration. Many operators and customers do not have a deep understanding of the technology, application, and operation of lithium battery energy storage, and often fall into some misunderstandings. The strategic positioning and development direction of the application, technology and operation of lithium battery energy storage systems should be correctly understood to ensure that no strategic mistakes are made. In Lingnan in midsummer, the 2019 Gaogong Lithium Battery Energy Storage Conference opened grandly today at the Dunhill International Hotel in Baoan, Shenzhen. The theme of this conference is "Lithium Battery Energy Storage Opens the G Era", and it is named by Li Yuanheng. More than 600 business leaders from all aspects of the power grid demand side, operators, energy storage system integrators, batteries, PCS, BMS and other industry chains will jointly conduct in-depth discussions and exchanges on energy storage industry trends and changes in 2019. In the opening speech of the conference, Huang Shilin, Vice Chairman of CATL, will give a keynote speech titled "Electrochemical Energy Storage Development Roadmap - Correct Understanding of Energy Storage Battery Technology, Application and Operation". From the three dimensions of technology, application, and operation, the next development trend of energy storage and the issues that should be focused on breakthroughs are explained in detail. From an application perspective, on February 18, 2019, the General Office of the State Grid Corporation of China issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy and Orderly Development of Electrochemical Energy Storage" State Grid Office (2019) No. 176. The opinions clarified the State Grid Corporation’s support and development ideas for energy storage. The document puts forward three clear directions for the energy storage field: on the power supply side, support the configuration of energy storage for new energy power generation; support the configuration of energy storage for conventional thermal power; on the user side, it can participate in grid demand response, power balance and load characteristics improvement, with priority Invest and construct in areas where power grid regulation is difficult and the cost of transformation and upgrading is high; on the grid side, energy storage should be included in grid planning and adjusted on a rolling basis. Grid-side energy storage should be regarded as an important electrical component of the grid and a technical solution choice. Comprehensive comparison and selection argument. Based on this, Huang Shilin focused on the application scenarios of lithium batteries in the above three fields. Specifically, the key applications of energy storage on the power generation side include optical storage power stations, wind storage power stations, and AGC frequency modulation power stations. The key points of user-side energy storage include optical storage and charging. station, home energy storage, backup power supply, etc.; grid energy storage includes substation energy storage, virtual power plant, peak shaving/frequency modulation and other scenarios. From a technical perspective, Huang Shilin believes that there are two obvious trends in the application of energy storage. One is the transformation from demonstration applications to operational applications, and the other is the transformation from small-scale systems to large-scale systems. This changing trend has put forward higher requirements for energy storage system technology, which are mainly reflected in 1. long-life performance; 2. high-efficiency performance; 3. safety and reliability performance. The realization of long-life performance is mainly based on three points. First, the benefits of energy storage products are measured by the amount of charge and discharge during the entire life cycle. Second, the application of energy storage products is mainly based on long-term and highly reliable operation requirements. Third, Different applications have different requirements on the cycle life and calendar life of energy storage batteries. Huang Shilin’s understanding is that the service life of an energy storage system is a key factor in the selection of energy storage applications. It is also a key factor in the comprehensive storage cost of energy storage. Single battery cells and system integration technology are the basis for ensuring the long life of the system. , Thermal management technology is a guarantee for long-term use of the battery system. In terms of high-efficiency performance requirements, energy storage system efficiency includes three parts: charging and discharging replacement efficiency, system effective power ratio, and system utilization. Among them, the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system directly affects the system benefits. At the same time, different applications have different effects on the storage system. The various efficiencies of the energy system have certain emphasis. Huang Shilin believes that in terms of achieving efficiency, PCS is the key device and technology for the overall efficiency of the system; the internal resistance and integrated impedance of the battery cell are the key to the efficiency of the battery system; the consistency of the battery system is the key to the effective power ratio of the system; The cyclic attenuation performance directly affects the technical and economical efficiency of the system throughout its life cycle. In terms of the realization of safety and reliability performance, the safety and reliability of energy storage systems is the lifeline of the energy storage industry. Its realization comes from the design of systems and devices and appropriate usage conditions, including rigorous selection of devices and designs, optimization Operating environment and marginal conditions as well as safe and reliable integration technology. "Appropriate protection strategies can greatly improve the safety and reliability of the system. South Korea's previous energy storage safety accidents need to be taken as a warning." Regarding energy storage safety, Huang Shilin believes that system safety assurance should pay more attention to "eliminating" hidden dangers and taking into consideration The "prevention" processing function should be focused on two aspects. One is to strengthen the safety performance of the battery module and improve the ability to resist abuse (such as high temperature, overcharging, short circuit, needle puncture, etc.); the other is the system design. Pay attention to extinguishing fire accurately and quickly and effectively preventing the spread of fire. In addition, attention must also be paid to the effective management and control of the system's extended service and the effective control of system abuse (out-of-scope use). From an operational point of view, based on the characteristics of lithium battery energy storage systems and the current technical economics, there are two main directions for energy storage system market expansion: First, the upgrade and replacement of existing applications: According to the performance and cost of lithium battery energy storage systems , the traditional energy storage systems used in some fields will be replaced by cost-effective lithium battery energy storage systems; second, the development of new applications: In new application fields, innovative operating models will promote the explosive development of the lithium battery energy storage market. In new applications, energy storage systems rely on the storage of electric energy in different time periods to achieve their due functions and benefits. From the perspective of maximizing benefits, the energy storage system should operate more fully, more frequently, and longer. The longer it is, the more effective it is. Therefore, it is necessary to seek suitable operating scenarios to meet the needs, including full power operation (operating under full power conditions), all-weather operation (uninterrupted operation 365 days a year), and long-term operation (operation requirements of more than 10 years). condition. According to different operating conditions and business models, different battery technology routes must be selected.

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