"Thanks to the continuous introduction of support policies in various
countries and the continuous improvement of manufacturing processes in recent
years, lithium-ion batteries, as the energy storage medium of energy storage
systems, will be the best choice for the market."
This is the judgment of Huang Shilin, vice chairman of CATL, at the 2019
Gaogong Lithium Battery Energy Storage Conference.
Huang Shilin's main basis for making this judgment is that power and energy
storage battery technology has developed rapidly in recent years. Key technical
indicators such as battery safety, cycle life and energy density have been
greatly improved. Application costs have dropped rapidly. The lithium battery
industry chain It has also achieved great development and is becoming
increasingly mature. Special energy storage lithium battery products and
production capacity are now ready for commercial promotion.
However, it is worth noting that commercially operated lithium battery
energy storage is still in the initial stage of exploration. Many operators and
customers do not have a deep understanding of the technology, application, and
operation of lithium battery energy storage, and often fall into some
misunderstandings. The strategic positioning and development direction of the
application, technology and operation of lithium battery energy storage systems
should be correctly understood to ensure that no strategic mistakes are
made.
In the opening speech of the conference, Huang Shilin, Vice Chairman of
CATL, will give a keynote speech entitled "Electrochemical Energy Storage
Development Roadmap - Correct Understanding of Energy Storage Battery
Technology, Application and Operation". From the three dimensions of technology,
application, and operation, the next development trend of energy storage and the
issues that should be focused on breakthroughs are explained in detail.
From an application perspective, on February 18, 2019, the General Office
of the State Grid Corporation of China issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting
the Healthy and Orderly Development of Electrochemical Energy Storage" State
Grid Office (2019) No. 176. The opinions clarified the State Grid Corporation’s
support and development ideas for energy storage.
The document puts forward three clear directions for the energy storage
field: on the power supply side, support the configuration of energy storage for
new energy power generation; support the configuration of energy storage for
conventional thermal power; on the user side, it can participate in grid demand
response, power balance and load characteristics improvement, with priority
Invest and construct in areas where power grid regulation is difficult and the
cost of transformation and upgrading is high; on the grid side, energy storage
should be included in grid planning and adjusted on a rolling basis. Grid-side
energy storage should be regarded as an important electrical component of the
grid and a technical solution choice. Comprehensive comparison and selection
argument.
Based on this, Huang Shilin focused on the application scenarios of lithium
batteries in the above three fields. Specifically, the key applications of
energy storage on the power generation side include optical storage power
stations, wind storage power stations, and AGC frequency modulation power
stations. The key points of user-side energy storage include optical storage and
charging. station, home energy storage, backup power supply, etc.; grid energy
storage includes substation energy storage, virtual power plant, peak
shaving/frequency modulation and other scenarios.
From a technical perspective, Huang Shilin believes that there are two
obvious trends in the application of energy storage. One is the transformation
from demonstration applications to operational applications, and the other is
the transformation from small-scale systems to large-scale systems. This
changing trend has put forward higher requirements for energy storage system
technology, which are mainly reflected in 1. long-life performance; 2.
high-efficiency performance; 3. safety and reliability performance.
The realization of long-life performance is mainly based on three points.
First, the benefits of energy storage products are measured by the amount of
charge and discharge during the entire life cycle. Second, the application of
energy storage products is mainly based on long-term and highly reliable
operation requirements. Third, Different applications have different
requirements on the cycle life and calendar life of energy storage
batteries.
Huang Shilin’s understanding is that the service life of an energy storage
system is a key factor in the selection of energy storage applications. It is
also a key factor in the comprehensive storage cost of energy storage. Single
battery cells and system integration technology are the basis for ensuring the
long life of the system. , Thermal management technology is a guarantee for
long-term use of the battery system.
In terms of high-efficiency performance requirements, energy storage system
efficiency includes three parts: charging and discharging replacement
efficiency, system effective power ratio, and system utilization. Among them,
the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage system directly
affects the system benefits. At the same time, different applications have
different effects on the storage system. The various efficiencies of the energy
system have certain emphasis.
Huang Shilin believes that in terms of achieving efficiency, PCS is the key
device and technology for the overall efficiency of the system; the internal
resistance and integrated impedance of the battery cell are the key to the
efficiency of the battery system; the consistency of the battery system is the
key to the effective power ratio of the system; The cyclic attenuation
performance directly affects the technical and economical efficiency of the
system throughout its life cycle.
In terms of the realization of safe and reliable performance, the safety
and reliability of energy storage systems is the lifeline of the energy storage
industry.
Its realization comes from the design and appropriate use conditions of
systems and devices, including rigorous device and design selection, optimized
operating environment and marginal conditions, and safe and reliable integration
technology.
“Appropriate protection strategies can greatly improve the safety and
reliability of the system, and previous energy storage safety accidents need to
be taken as a warning.”
Regarding energy storage safety, Huang Shilin believes that system security
guarantees should pay more attention to the processing function of "eliminating"
hidden dangers and taking into account "prevention". Among them, we should focus
on two aspects. One is to strengthen the safety performance of battery modules
and improve the resistance to The ability to abuse (such as high temperature,
overcharge, short circuit, needle stick, etc.), secondly, pay attention to
accurate and rapid fire extinguishing in system design and effectively prevent
the occurrence of spread.
In addition, attention must also be paid to the effective management and
control of the system's extended service and the effective control of system
abuse (out-of-scope use).
From an operational perspective, based on the characteristics of lithium
battery energy storage systems and the current technical economics, there are
two main directions for energy storage system market expansion:
The first is the upgrading and replacement of existing applications: based
on the performance and cost of lithium battery energy storage systems,
traditional energy storage systems used in some fields will be replaced by
cost-effective lithium battery energy storage systems; the second is the
development of new applications: in new application fields , innovative
operating models will promote the explosive development of the lithium battery
energy storage market.
In new applications, energy storage systems rely on the storage of electric
energy in different time periods to achieve their due functions and benefits.
From the perspective of maximizing benefits, the energy storage system should
operate more fully, more frequently, and longer. The longer it is, the more
effective it is.
Therefore, it is necessary to seek suitable operating scenarios to meet the
needs, including full power operation (operating under full power conditions),
all-weather operation (uninterrupted operation 365 days a year), and long-term
operation (operation requirements of more than 10 years). condition. According
to different operating conditions and business models, different battery
technology routes must be selected.
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