According to the latest news, American scientists have recently overcome
the main obstacle currently faced by lithium-sulfur batteries - the electrolyte
dissolution problem, solving the problem of rapid failure of lithium-sulfur
batteries. This technological breakthrough is expected to greatly enhance the
market competitiveness of lithium-sulfur batteries. Currently, the main
international chemical energy storage technologies include sodium-sulfur
batteries, lithium batteries, flow batteries, lead-acid batteries, lithium iron
phosphate batteries, etc. The editor will tell you today.
OFweek lithium power grid comprehensive report: Currently, the main
international chemical energy storage technologies include sodium-sulfur
batteries, lithium batteries, flow batteries, lead-acid batteries, lithium iron
phosphate batteries, etc. A researcher at the Dalian Institute of Chemical
Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that with the development of the
renewable energy industry and the electric vehicle industry, energy storage
technology and industry have received great attention from various countries,
and the research and development of various new electrochemical energy storage
battery technologies have continued to make progress. Among them, the more
representative ones include flow batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and
lithium-air batteries, but their technological development faces some practical
challenges.
Flow battery energy storage technology
Flow batteries are generally electrochemical energy storage devices that
realize the mutual conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy through
the redox reaction of liquid active materials, thereby realizing the storage and
release of electrical energy. Because of its outstanding advantages such as
independent power and capacity, deep charging and discharging, and good safety,
it has become one of the best choices in the field of energy storage.
Since the invention of the flow battery in the 1970s, it has gone from
laboratory to enterprise, from prototype to standard product, from demonstration
application to commercial promotion, from small to large scale, from single
function to comprehensive function. Various projects implemented include There
are more than 100 projects, with a cumulative installed capacity of
approximately 40 MW.
The all-vanadium flow battery has an installed capacity of 35 MW and is
currently the most widely used flow battery. by
Through structural optimization and the application of new materials, the
rated operating current density of the all-vanadium redox flow battery stack has
been increased from the original 80mA/c㎡ to 120mA/c㎡ while maintaining the same
performance. The cost of the stack has dropped significantly by nearly 30%. The
bulk stack specification reaches 32 kilowatts and has been exported to the
United States and Germany. In May 2013, the world's largest 5 MW/10 MWh
all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system designed and constructed
was successfully connected to the grid and put into operation at the Guodian
Longyuan Woniushi 50 MW wind farm. Since then, the 3 MW/6 MWh energy storage
project for wind power grid connection in Jinzhou and the 2 MW/4 MWh energy
storage project of Guodian Hefeng have been implemented successively. They are
also important cases in my country's exploration of energy storage business
models.
Another leading company in the field of all-vanadium flow batteries is
Sumitomo Electric of Japan. The company restarted its flow battery business in
2010 and will build a 15 MW/60 MWh all-vanadium flow battery power station in
2015 to solve the peak shaving and electric energy problems caused by the
connection of large-scale solar power stations to the grid in some areas of
Hokkaido. Quality pressure, the successful implementation of this project will
be another milestone in the field of all-vanadium flow batteries. In 2014, the
US company UniEnergy Technologies, LLC (UET) established a 3MW/10MWh
all-vanadium redox flow battery energy storage system with the support of the US
Department of Energy and the Washington Clean Fund. In this project, UET will
apply its mixed acid electrolyte technology for the first time to increase
energy density by about 40%, widen the operating temperature window and voltage
range of all-vanadium redox flow batteries, and reduce thermal management energy
consumption.
At present, improving the energy efficiency and system reliability of flow
batteries and reducing their costs are important issues for the large-scale
popularization and application of flow batteries. Developing high-performance
battery materials, optimizing battery structure design, and reducing battery
internal resistance are key technologies. Recently, Zhang Huamin and his
research team have improved the charge and discharge energy efficiency of an
all-vanadium redox flow battery cell from 81% a few years ago to 93% at an
operating current density of 80mA//c㎡ through battery material innovation and
structural innovation. %, fully proving that it has broad development space and
prospects.
Lithium-Sulfur Battery Technology
In recent years, traditional lithium-ion battery technology has continued
to improve, but the specific energy of the battery still cannot meet the
application requirements. Battery technology is still the biggest bottleneck in
the development of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. In order
to achieve innovative breakthroughs in high-energy-density battery technology,
researchers have chosen metal-air batteries such as lithium-sulfur batteries and
lithium-air batteries with higher energy density as breakthrough directions, and
have made certain progress. Some new battery technologies are already seeing the
light of day in practical applications.
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