r03 battery.Waste battery pollution prevention and control technology policy

　　Electronic enthusiasts provide you with technical policies for the prevention and control of waste battery pollution. Technical policies for the prevention and control of waste battery pollution. Technical policies for the prevention and control of waste battery pollution. Technical policies for the prevention and control of waste battery pollution.

　　1.General principles

　　1.1 In order to guide the development of waste battery environmental management, treatment and disposal, and resource regeneration technology, standardize the behavior of waste battery treatment, disposal and resource regeneration, prevent environmental pollution, and promote sustainable social and economic development, according to the "Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste of the People's Republic of China" Act" and other relevant laws, regulations, policies and standards to formulate this technical policy. This technical policy will be revised in due course with the development of social economy and technological level.

　　1.2 Waste batteries as mentioned in this technical policy include the following wastes: various primary batteries (including button batteries), rechargeable batteries, etc. that have lost their use value and are discarded; lead-acid batteries that have lost their use value and are discarded and other Storage batteries, etc.; special battery packs and single cells of various electrical appliances that have lost their use value and been discarded; substandard products, scrapped products, and expired products produced during the production, transportation, and sales of the above-mentioned various batteries etc.; mixed scraps such as mixed scraps generated during the production process of the above-mentioned various batteries; other discarded chemical power sources.

　　1.3 This technical policy applies to the technical selection of pollution prevention and control in the whole process of waste battery classification, collection, transportation, comprehensive utilization, storage and treatment, and guides the planning, project establishment, site selection, design, construction, operation and management of corresponding facilities. , guide the development of related industries.

　　1.4 Waste battery pollution control should follow the basic principles of battery product life cycle analysis, actively promote clean production, and implement the principles of whole-process management and total amount of polluting substances control.

　　1.5 The focus of waste battery pollution control is waste mercury-containing batteries, waste cadmium-nickel batteries, and waste lead-acid batteries. Gradually reduce and eventually eliminate the use of mercury in primary battery production, and collect, recycle or safely dispose of waste cadmium-nickel batteries, waste lead-acid batteries and other waste batteries that are harmful to the environment in a safe, efficient and low-cost manner.

　　1.6 Waste mercury oxide batteries, waste cadmium-nickel batteries, and waste lead-acid batteries are hazardous wastes and should be managed in accordance with relevant hazardous waste management regulations and standards.

　　1.7 Encourage scientific research on waste battery pollution pathways, pollution patterns and the development of new batteries with small impact on the environment, and determine corresponding pollution prevention and control strategies.

　　1.8 Through the publicity and popularization of waste battery pollution prevention and control knowledge, we can improve public environmental awareness, promote the public's correct understanding of waste battery management and the environmental harm it may cause, and achieve scientific, reasonable and effective management of waste batteries. 1.9 People's governments at all levels should formulate encouraging economic policies and other measures, accelerate the construction of waste battery classification collection, storage, resource regeneration and treatment and disposal systems and facilities that meet environmental protection requirements, and promote the prevention and control of waste battery pollution.

　　1.10 This technical policy follows the overall principles of the "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Hazardous Waste Pollution".

　　2. Production and use of batteries

　　2.1 Formulate technical standards for battery classification and labeling to facilitate the classified collection, resource utilization, and treatment of waste batteries. The battery classification label should include the following content: the recycling label of the battery that needs to be recycled; the type label of the battery that needs to be recycled; the content label of harmful components in the battery.

　　2.2 Battery manufacturers and businesses that entrust other manufacturers to produce batteries with their own trademarks should mark the batteries they produce in accordance with national standards. Manufacturers of appliances that use special built-in batteries should label their products with battery classification labels in accordance with national standards.

　　2.3 Battery importers should require foreign manufacturers (or dealers) to mark the batteries exported to my country in accordance with Chinese national standards, or have the importer affix the marks in accordance with Chinese national standards to the batteries they import. 2.4 Appliances that use batteries should be designed with a structure that makes it easy to remove the battery (or battery pack), and the instructions for use should clearly indicate the use, installation and removal methods of the battery, as well as instructions on how to dispose of the battery after it is discarded.

　　2.5 According to relevant national regulations, the production and sale of mercury oxide batteries is prohibited. According to relevant national regulations, the production and sale of zinc-manganese and alkaline zinc-manganese batteries with a mercury content greater than 0.025% of the battery quality is prohibited; starting from January 1, 2005, the production of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries with a mercury content greater than 0.0001% will be stopped. Gradually increase the proportion of alkaline zinc-manganese batteries with a mercury content of less than 0.0001% in primary batteries; gradually reduce the production and sales of paste batteries, and ultimately eliminate paste batteries. 2.6 Rely on technological progress and limit the use of harmful elements such as cadmium and lead in relevant batteries by formulating standards for the maximum content of cadmium and lead in batteries. Encourage the development of the production of rechargeable batteries such as lithium ion and metal hydride nickel batteries (referred to as nickel hydride batteries) to replace cadmium-nickel rechargeable batteries, reduce the production and use of cadmium-nickel batteries, and eventually eliminate cadmium-nickel batteries in the civilian market.

　　2.7 Encourage the development of low-consumption, high-energy, low-pollution battery products, production processes, and usage technologies. Encourage the use of recycled materials in battery production.

　　2.8 Strengthen publicity and education, encourage and support consumers to use high-energy alkaline zinc-manganese batteries with a mercury content of less than 0.0001%; encourage and support consumers to use rechargeable batteries such as nickel hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries to replace cadmium-nickel batteries; encourage and Support consumers in refusing to purchase or use inferior and counterfeit battery products as well as battery products that do not bear relevant labels correctly;

　　3.Collect

　　3.1 The collection of waste batteries focuses on waste rechargeable batteries such as cadmium nickel batteries, nickel hydrogen batteries, lithium ion batteries, and lead-acid batteries (hereinafter referred to as waste rechargeable batteries) and waste button primary batteries such as silver oxide (hereinafter referred to as scrap button batteries).

　　3.2 The recycling of used primary batteries should be carried out prudently by the recycling responsible unit. At present, in the absence of technical and economic conditions for effective recycling, centralized collection of waste primary batteries that have met national low-mercury or mercury-free requirements is not encouraged. 3.3 The following units shall bear the responsibility for recycling waste rechargeable batteries and waste button batteries: manufacturers of rechargeable batteries and button batteries; importers of rechargeable batteries and button batteries; manufacturers of products using rechargeable batteries or button batteries; entrusters Other battery manufacturers produce rechargeable batteries and coin cells under their own trademarks.

　　3.4 The above-mentioned units responsible for recycling waste rechargeable batteries and waste button batteries should guide and organize the establishment of waste battery recycling systems according to their own product sales channels, or entrust relevant recycling systems to effectively recycle them. Sellers of rechargeable batteries, button batteries and electrical appliances using these batteries should set up waste battery sorting and recycling facilities at their sales offices for recycling, and set up obvious signs in accordance with relevant standards.

　　3.5 Consumers are encouraged to send waste rechargeable batteries and waste button batteries to the corresponding waste battery recycling facilities in battery or electrical appliance sales stores to facilitate recycling by sellers.

　　3.6 The recycled batches of waste batteries should be classified and sent to factories (facilities) with corresponding qualifications for resource regeneration or harmless treatment. 3.7 The collection and packaging of waste batteries should use a dedicated collection device with corresponding classification markings.

　　4. Transportation

　　4.1 Waste batteries must be collected and transported according to their types in special containers that comply with national standards.

　　4.2 Containers for storing and shipping waste batteries should be designed according to the characteristics of waste batteries. They should not be easily damaged or deformed, and the materials used can effectively prevent leakage and diffusion. Containers containing waste batteries must be labeled with the classification labels required by national standards.

　　4.3 Before packaging and transportation of waste batteries, the structural integrity of waste batteries should be ensured and during transportation. Waste batteries must not be broken or pulverized to prevent leakage and contamination of harmful components in the batteries.

　　4.4 The transboundary movement of waste batteries that are hazardous wastes should comply with the requirements of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal; the domestic movement of bulk waste batteries should comply with the "Measures for the Management of Hazardous Waste Movements" and other relevant regulations.

　　4.5 Environmental protection administrative departments at all levels should effectively control the flow of batches of waste batteries in accordance with national and local hazardous waste transfer management regulations. It is prohibited to discard waste batteries into the environment during the transfer process. It is prohibited to use the key points specified in 3.1 Collected used batteries are mixed with domestic waste.

　　5.Storage

　　5.1 The storage of waste batteries as mentioned in this policy refers to the storage behavior during the collection, transportation, resource regeneration and disposal of batches of waste batteries, including temporary stacking before the treatment and disposal method of waste batteries is determined. 5.2 Storage facilities for batches of waste batteries should be constructed and managed in accordance with the relevant requirements of the "Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standard" (GB18597-2001).

　　5.3 It is prohibited to stack waste batteries in open areas to prevent waste batteries from being exposed to rain and water.

　　6. Resource regeneration

　　6.1 Waste battery resource recycling plants should focus on the recycling and processing of waste rechargeable batteries and waste button batteries, and prudently build waste primary battery resource recycling plants.

　　6.2 The construction of waste battery resource recycling facilities should undergo sufficient technical and economic demonstration to ensure that the operation of the facilities will not cause secondary pollution to the environment and that resources can be recovered economically and effectively.

　　6.3 Resource recycling plants for waste rechargeable batteries and waste button batteries should be managed in accordance with the requirements for comprehensive utilization facilities of hazardous waste, and can only operate after obtaining a hazardous waste business license. Resource recycling plants for waste primary batteries and mixed waste batteries should be managed with reference to the requirements for comprehensive utilization of hazardous waste facilities and operated after obtaining a hazardous waste business license.

　　6.4 The site selection of the waste battery recycling resource factory should refer to the site selection requirements in the "Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" (GB18484-2001).

　　6.5 During the production process of any waste battery resource recycling factory, the sum of the recovery amount and safe treatment and disposal of harmful components such as mercury, cadmium, lead, zinc, nickel, etc. should not be less than the total amount of this harmful component in the waste batteries processed 95%.

　　6.6 Any waste battery dismantling, crushing and sorting process before the resource regeneration process should be carried out in a closed structure. The exhaust gas must be purified and discharged after meeting the standards. Waste batteries are not allowed to be crushed manually or in an open-air environment to prevent the unorganized discharge or escape of harmful substances in waste batteries and cause secondary pollution.

　　6.7 The pyrometallurgical process is used to regenerate waste battery resources. The smelting process should be carried out under closed negative pressure conditions to prevent harmful gases and dust from escaping. The collected gases should be processed and discharged after meeting the standards.

　　6.8 The hydrometallurgical process is used to regenerate waste battery resources. The process should be carried out in a closed structure. The exhaust gas must be dehumidified and purified, and then discharged after meeting the standards.

　　6.9 The waste battery resource recycling device should be equipped with an exhaust gas purification system, alarm system and emergency treatment device.

　　6.10 Waste gas emissions from waste battery resource recycling plants should refer to the air pollutant emission limits in the "Hazardous Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard" (GB18484-2001).

　　6.11 Waste battery resource recycling plants should be equipped with sewage purification facilities. Wastewater discharged from factories should meet the requirements of the "Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard" (GB8978-1996) and other corresponding standards.

　　6.12 Industrial solid waste (including smelting residues, waste gas purification ash, wastewater treatment sludge, sorting residues, etc.) generated by waste battery resource recycling plants should be managed and disposed of as hazardous waste.

　　6.13 The working environment of waste battery resource recycling plants should meet the requirements of relevant national standards such as "Hygienic Standards for Industrial Enterprise Design" (GBZ1-2002) and "Occupational Exposure Limits for Hazardous Factors in the Workplace" (GBZ2-2002).

　　6.14 Encourage scientific and technological research on waste battery resource regeneration, develop economical and efficient waste battery resource regeneration processes, and improve the resource regeneration rate of waste batteries.

　　7. Treatment and Disposal 7.1 In cities and areas where domestic waste is incinerated and composted, garbage should be collected by classification to prevent various waste batteries from entering the garbage incineration device and garbage compost fermentation device along with other domestic waste.

　　7.2 It is prohibited to incinerate the collected waste batteries.

　　7.3 For primary or mixed waste batteries that have been collected and currently have no economical and effective means for regeneration and recovery, they can be safely landfilled or stored in accordance with the safe disposal and storage requirements of hazardous wastes. In areas where there is no safe landfill for hazardous waste, special landfill units can be built in accordance with the requirements for safe landfill of hazardous waste, or special waste battery storage facilities can be built in accordance with the requirements of the "Hazardous Waste Storage Pollution Control Standard" (GB18597-2001) , put the waste batteries into plastic containers for landfill disposal or storage in special facilities. The plastic containers used should be corrosion-resistant, pressure-resistant, and sealed, and must be intact. Those used for landfill disposal should also meet the strength requirements required for landfill operations.

　　7.4 In order to facilitate the reuse of waste batteries in the future, it is advisable to classify the collected waste batteries into landfills or store them.

　　7.5 Before and during landfill disposal of waste batteries, as well as during storage operations, waste batteries should not be disassembled, rolled, or otherwise crushed to ensure the integrity of the shell of waste batteries and to reduce and prevent the release of harmful substances. Oozing.

　　8. Prevention and control of waste lead-acid battery pollution

　　8.1 In addition to meeting the requirements of the previous chapters, the collection, transportation, dismantling, regeneration and smelting of waste lead-acid batteries should also comply with the requirements of this chapter.

　　8.2 Waste lead-acid batteries should be recycled and disposed of by other methods.

　　8.3 Waste lead-acid batteries should be managed as hazardous waste. Enterprises that collect, transport, dismantle, and regenerate waste lead-acid batteries must obtain a hazardous waste business license before operating or operating.

　　8.4 Encourage centralized recycling and processing of waste lead-acid batteries. 8.5 During the collection and transportation of used lead-acid batteries, the integrity of the shell should be maintained, and necessary measures should be taken to prevent acid leakage. Waste lead-acid battery collection and transportation units shall formulate necessary accident emergency measures to ensure that when accidents occur during collection and transportation, they can effectively reduce or even prevent environmental pollution.

　　8.6 The recycling and dismantling of waste lead-acid batteries should be carried out in specialized facilities. During the recycling and dismantling process, plastics, lead plates, lead-containing materials, and waste acid should be recycled and processed separately.

　　8.7 The waste acid in waste lead-acid batteries should be collected and processed and shall not be discharged into sewers or into the environment. Used lead-acid batteries cannot be directly smelted with shells or acid liquid.

　　8.8 Waste lead-acid battery recycling and smelting enterprises should meet the following requirements: the lead recovery rate is greater than 95%; the production scale of recycled lead is greater than 5,000 tons/year. After the issuance of this technical policy, the production scale of new enterprises should be greater than 10,000 tons/year; the recycled lead process uses closed smelting equipment and is produced under negative pressure conditions to prevent waste gas from escaping; it has complete wastewater, waste gas purification facilities, wastewater , Waste gas emissions meet relevant national standards; dust and sludge generated during the secondary lead smelting process are properly and safely disposed of. Gradually phase out indigenous smelting processes and small recycled lead enterprises that cannot meet the above basic conditions.Industry.

　　8.9 The dust and sludge collected during the lead smelting and regeneration process of used lead-acid batteries shall be treated and disposed of in accordance with hazardous waste management requirements.

Read recommendations:

6F22

What is the ternary lithium battery?solar energy storage system battery pack lithium

What is the difference between energy storage lithium-ion battery pack and power lithium-ion battery

402427 polymer battery

602030 polymer battery