Lifespan of Cylindrical Lithium - ion Batteries

　　The lifespan of cylindrical lithium - ion batteries is a key factor considered by users in various applications, ranging from small consumer electronics to large - scale energy - storage systems.

　　The lifespan of cylindrical lithium - ion batteries is mainly determined by two aspects: cycle life and calendar life. The cycle life refers to the number of charge - discharge cycles the battery can undergo before its capacity drops to a certain level, typically 80% of its initial capacity. During each charge - discharge cycle, the electrodes experience physical and chemical changes. Lithium ions intercalate into and de - intercalate from the electrode materials, which can cause structural degradation over time. For example, in a lithium - ion battery used in a smartphone, if it is charged and discharged frequently, the cycle life will gradually be exhausted. High - power applications, such as electric tools, may also accelerate the degradation of the battery due to the high - current charge - discharge processes.

　　Calendar life, on the other hand, is related to the battery's self - discharge and the slow degradation of its components over time, even when the battery is not in use. Factors such as temperature, storage voltage, and the quality of the battery materials affect the calendar life. For instance, storing a cylindrical lithium - ion battery at a high temperature or a high - voltage state can accelerate the degradation of the electrolyte and the electrodes, shortening its calendar life.

　　Typically, the cycle life of common cylindrical lithium - ion batteries used in consumer electronics can range from several hundred to over a thousand cycles. In electric vehicle applications, where more demanding requirements are placed on the battery, the cycle life may be designed to be higher, often several thousand cycles. However, it's important to note that actual lifespan can vary depending on usage conditions and battery management strategies.

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