12V23A battery

TSLA and other giants join the game, and 12V23A battery technology is expected to break through

Iron Man Musk's Gigafactory super battery plant is jointly built by TSLA and Japan's Panasonic. Gigafactory is mainly used to produce lithium batteries for TSLA electric vehicles. According to TSLA's plan, by 2020, the batteries produced by Gigafactory each year can be used for 500,000 electric vehicles. Through the Gigafactory to achieve large-scale production of batteries, by 2017, the cost of battery packs will drop by 30% compared with the batteries used in the current Model S. The battery capacity of the upcoming Generation III battery pack will also be improved, which is of great significance to TSLA's smooth development of the low-end model BlueStar. The main task of TSLA's battery factory is not to produce the most advanced batteries, but to use existing technologies and reduce costs through mass production.

BlueStar is a long-planned low-end model of TSLA (recently renamed Model III), which will be equipped with Generation III batteries and debut in the market in 2017. The model has a single-charge range of 200 miles and a starting price of $35,000. It is nearly 40% lower than the starting price of Model S of $57,000. At the end of April this year, TSLA launched a home lithium battery system Powerwall and a large utility-scale battery. In the first week of its launch, it received more than 40,000 orders and sales of about $800 million.

Volkswagen's super battery has a range of 300 kilometers

At the end of June, the media successively revealed that Martin Winterkorn, the head of Volkswagen, revealed that Volkswagen is developing a "super-battery" with a lower price and smaller size. An electric version of a Volkswagen brand model is expected to have a pure electric range of 300 kilometers after being equipped with a super battery. "Compared to the Volkswagen e-Golf, the new generation of Volkswagen electric vehicles will have twice the range of the former. Although the 300-kilometer range is still not comparable to the 265-mile range of the TSLA Model S, Volkswagen will launch more affordable electric vehicles, such as the next generation e-Golf. Therefore, it is more meaningful than the Model S in promoting the popularization of electric vehicles.

Volkswagen has stated that it is developing the next generation of lithium battery cell technology, which can reach an energy density of 5 times that of current batteries. For this reason, Volkswagen's current focus may be mainly concentrated in two directions: 1. Novel solid-state battery technology; 2. Solutions for upgrading existing lithium batteries.

In November 2014, Martin Winterkorn once said: "I think the application potential of solid-state battery technology is huge, and the application of this technology is likely to increase the range of electric vehicles to 700 kilometers. "From this, Volkswagen should be more optimistic about the prospects of solid-state batteries, and has also invested in QuantumScape, a startup developing solid-state batteries, with a 5% stake. Solid-state batteries have advantages over traditional lithium batteries in terms of energy storage, and also have advantages such as strong flame retardancy and stronger safety performance.

Volkswagen may switch to a single lithium battery cell design in the future. The goal is to reduce battery costs by 66% by simplifying the battery cell design. A single battery design can make full use of Volkswagen's battery module assembly plant output, and even different battery suppliers can use a unified battery cell design. At present, Volkswagen uses a variety of lithium battery cells. For example, Panasonic supplies batteries for the e-Golf, Golf GTE plug-in hybrid, and Audi A3 electric vehicles, while Samsung [Weibo] supplies batteries for the Passat GTE, Audi other electric vehicles supply batteries.

Mercedes-Benz brand solar energy storage battery

Previously, Daimler had teamed up with The Mobility House AG and GETEC Energie AG to launch the first lithium battery unit "96-module ESS", the total capacity of which has exceeded 500 kWh and will be increased to 3000 kWh in the next few weeks. Daimler said this solar energy storage battery, which is divided into household and commercial batteries, has a capacity of 2.5 kWh and 5.9 kWh respectively.

When used as a household battery, up to 8 battery modules can be combined to form an "energy storage plant" with a capacity of up to 20 kWh; when used as a commercial or industrial battery, the battery system can also According to the need to fully release energy. Harald Kroeger, head of development at Mercedes-Benz, said that after the car has traveled millions of kilometers in hot and cold environments, the energy storage battery it uses can still work normally, so the battery can be used as a stationary energy storage battery. Daimler's new energy storage battery will be produced by ACCUmotive's Kamenz plant in Saxony. ACCUmotive expects that the production of energy storage batteries for automobiles will increase in the future and its application areas will be more extensive.

Because the energy density of batteries is far from comparable to that of internal combustion engines, the cruising range has long been one of the biggest weaknesses of electric vehicles. In the new regulations issued by many countries, only electric vehicles with a single charge range reaching a certain level can enjoy subsidy benefits. Policy.

Battery material technology outlook

As a new automotive power device, power lithium batteries themselves do not emit harmful gases that pollute the atmosphere. At the same time, electric vehicles can also make full use of the surplus electricity during the low electricity consumption in the evening to charge. Therefore, electric vehicles are conducive to saving energy and reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, the research on power lithium batteries has become a "hot spot" in the automotive industry. Let's take a look at what aspects of battery technology are being studied.

1. Graphene material battery technology

After being equipped with an 85kWh battery pack, the Model S has a maximum range of 426 kilometers. TSLA CEO Musk is not satisfied with this value. TSLA is currently studying high-performance batteries, and TSLA cars will soon be able to travel 805 kilometers.

TSLA's innovation in battery technology will trigger market attention to materials that improve the energy density of lithium batteries. TSLA's new battery will be made of graphene, a new type of material and the thinnest known material. Due to its low resistivity, extremely fast electron migration, large surface area and good electrical properties, it is considered by scientists to be an ideal electrode material for lithium batteries.

2. Aluminum-air battery technology

In January this year, Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd. (not a Fuji subsidiary) announced that it had made a major breakthrough in aluminum-air battery technology. Compared with the lithium-polymer battery that TSLA is about to mass-produce, the theoretical capacity of aluminum-air batteries is more than 40 times. And Fuji Pigment said that it will commercialize the project by the end of this year. This means that the TSLA super battery plant, which is scheduled to be put into production in 2016, may be in a backward position from the beginning. The plant is expected to take 7-10 years to reach the designed output and recover costs.

Coincidentally, as early as last year, Alcoa (Aluminum Corporation) and Israel Phinergy said: A battery pack for a test vehicle weighs about 100 kilograms and contains 50 battery panels. Only one aluminum-air battery panel can drive the vehicle for about 32 kilometers, and the maximum range can reach 1,600 kilometers. The company also said that the air cathode of the developed aluminum-air battery is equipped with a dedicated silver-based catalyst, which adopts a unique innovative structure that allows oxygen to pass smoothly and blocks carbon dioxide from the outside. Through this innovative structure, the air cathode of Phinergy aluminum-air battery can effectively prevent the carbonization problem of the electrode, and its working life can reach thousands of hours.

3. "Liquid flow battery" technology

Among the newly developed battery technologies, "liquid flow" batteries are becoming a new development direction. The e-Sportlimousine electric car under Quant Company accelerates from 0 to 100 kilometers in just 2.8 seconds.

This electric car uses flow-cell technology, which is called a technology between ordinary batteries and fuel-powered lithium batteries. The liquid electrolyte flows between two containers, and the charge flows from one container to another, so that enough energy can be supplied to the electric drive system. Compared with the lithium battery technology that powers today's electric vehicles, the performance of flow-cell models of the same weight is four times higher, which means that its mileage will be about 4-5 times that of traditional electric vehicles.

4. Improving battery chemistry and energy density technology

Bosch has been working hard to make breakthroughs, which largely depends on improving the chemical composition of the battery. By 2016, the energy density of the battery cell will be increased to 200 watt-hours, and it is expected to be further increased to 300 watt-hours by 2020. Improve the cathode, anode and electrolyte, as well as the structural system of the battery cell. Mitsubishi's new generation of lithium batteries will use this technology together with Bosch and Japan's Yuasa International Group to increase the range of the new battery, which will be up to more than 400 kilometers, comparable to traditional gasoline engines. In the future, many models of Mitsubishi, including Outlander, are expected to be equipped with this battery. This move will not only further improve environmental protection, but also the advantage in power is enough to enhance Mitsubishi's product competitiveness, and also lay the groundwork for Mitsubishi to compete for the European new energy vehicle market.

Summary:

Looking at the history of automobile development, from the development of power technology: steam locomotive-electric vehicle-internal combustion locomotive-electric vehicle, combined with the problems faced by the world today, the environmental protection of electric vehicles is the future development direction. Cars fueled by gasoline and diesel are expensive and pollute the environment. We hope that the emerging 12V23A battery technology can reduce human dependence on fossil fuels and reduce environmental pollution, but this is not easy to do. In my country, thermal power generation is in an important position and is on the rise, which undoubtedly further aggravates environmental pollution.

Think about it carefully, switching from oil-fueled cars to electric cars is like switching from one brand of cigarettes to another? Should environmentally conscious people really promote electric cars? Should we look beyond the shiny appearance of electric cars to see the pollution behind them?

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