How to control the balance between safety and long life of 502030
battery?
According to data from the State Administration for Market Regulation, at
least 40 fire accidents involving new energy vehicles occurred in China in 2018.
Since April this year, electric vehicle fire and smoke accidents have occurred
one after another. Power battery safety is a sensitive topic, and It is a topic
that cannot be avoided.
Recently, Wang Zidong, deputy secretary-general of the China Power Battery
Innovation Alliance and deputy secretary-general of the China Electric Vehicle
Charging Infrastructure Charging Alliance, conducted a multi-dimensional
analysis of electric vehicle safety issues at the first China International
Electric Vehicle Safety Technology Innovation Conference. He believes that
before there is an obvious technological breakthrough in power battery
materials, it will be difficult to make further breakthroughs after the specific
energy develops to a certain level. At the same time, the negative impact on
security is growing. Before mastering the fire rules of lithium batteries,
controlling the balance between energy density, safety and long life is an issue
that cannot be ignored.
Among the many technical routes for lithium batteries, the duel between
lithium iron phosphate and ternary is the most stalemate.
Lithium iron phosphate has high safety and long life, but its energy
density is not as high as that of ternary, but this can be compensated by
increasing the battery capacity. Its low-temperature performance is poor, mainly
because of its low low-temperature performance and poor material consistency in
small-capacity batteries.
Ternary batteries have high energy density, good consistency, and good
low-temperature performance, but are slightly less safe and have far less cycle
life than lithium iron phosphate batteries.
Currently, China's lithium iron phosphate battery has the most mature
industrial chain, and we have mastered many core technologies in related fields,
while ternary batteries, represented by Japan and South Korea, are relatively
more mature. Wang Zidong believes that this kind of technical duel is more like
China vs. Japan and South Korea.
If evaluated solely from the performance of the power battery itself, he
listed 10 dimensions: 1. Safety of the battery pack, 2. Energy density of the
battery pack (not a single cell), 3. Cycle life of the battery pack, 4. The cost
of the battery pack, 5. Charging rate, 6. Battery cell consistency, 7. Low
temperature performance, 8. Group utilization, 9. Convenience of recycling and
reuse, 10. The positive and negative electrode materials can be recycled,
repaired and reused. .
Where is the ceiling of 502030 battery?
In Wang Zidong’s view, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of
improving the energy density of 502030 battery: to improve the performance of
502030 battery for electric vehicles that can be industrialized, it is not only
necessary to significantly improve the performance of positive and negative
electrode materials, but also needs to be improved in many aspects. Only with
relatively large breakthroughs can it be possible to achieve real improvements
in 502030 battery.
So from the definition of industrialized 502030 battery, the goal proposed
by the country is: by 2020, electric vehicles can run 400km on a single charge,
and the specific energy of a single battery reaches: 300Wh/kg (350), 600Wh/L
(700), 0.6 yuan/Wh, the battery system reaches: 220Wh/kg (260), 300Wh/L (380),
1.0 yuan/Wh, cycle life 1500 times (80% DOD). Why do people think of flexible
packaging batteries when they mention high energy density? From the perspective
of vehicle engineering, we look at the energy density of the power battery
system, not the energy density of the single battery. From single cells to
modules to system integration, there are many intermediate links, such as
connectors between batteries, connecting cables between modules, boxes, fixing
racks, support frames, thermal conductive structures, etc., which will add a lot
of weight. , Wang Zidong proposed that optimization should be done in terms of
system energy density, reliability and safety.
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