502030 battery

Japanese and Korean teams develop the "502030 battery"

At the beginning of this year, according to foreign media reports, researchers at the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology in South Korea used this new catalyst to develop an aluminum-air battery that can solve the common problems of current electric vehicle (EV) battery technology, allowing electric car owners to have a longer range and replaceable battery pack without slow charging. This invention is expected to change the embarrassing situation of new energy vehicles. Can the "502030 battery" developed by the Japanese and Korean teams change the prospects of new energy vehicles?

In March of this year, Japanese media said that Japanese companies have successively developed technologies to greatly increase the service life of air batteries. The service life is the biggest issue of air batteries, which are known as the "502030 battery". The hydrogen-air fuel cell developed by FDK, a subsidiary of Fujitsu, is expected to be put into practical use in three years. Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) has trial-produced a lithium-air battery with a longer service life. It is reported that with the emergence of lithium batteries, portable devices have rapidly become popular, supporting the development of the IT revolution. The performance of lithium batteries continues to improve, and they are an important component to support the electrification of automobiles. However, lithium battery technology is gradually approaching its limit, and it also has disadvantages such as flammability.

So how do air batteries generate electricity? Air batteries are a type of chemical battery. The construction principle is similar to that of dry batteries, except that its oxidant is taken from oxygen in the air. For example, there is an air battery with zinc as the cathode, sodium hydroxide as the electrolyte, and porous activated carbon as the anode, so it can absorb oxygen in the air to replace the oxidant (manganese dioxide) in ordinary dry batteries. Aluminum-air batteries have the advantages of light weight, high energy, almost no pollution in the power generation process, and can be recycled.

Although there are many advantages, the disadvantages cannot be ignored. The advantage of this metal fuel cell is its high energy density ratio, and the disadvantage is its low power density ratio. There is no problem using it in low-power hearing aids, but the power is not enough for cars, and it is often used with high-power lithium batteries. Aluminum-air batteries have higher energy density than zinc-air batteries and have a better future, but due to the chemical properties of aluminum, it is difficult to ensure safety and stability. At present, there are no finished products that can be mass-produced, and it is too early to be put into practical use.

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