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The hydrogen fuel cell powered 602030 lipo battery automobile industry is on the rise, but multiple bottlenecks need to be broken

Due to the need to adjust the energy structure, hydrogen energy and its related industries have received attention internationally in recent years. A recent reporter investigation found that the current domestic hydrogen fuel cell automobile industry is on the rise and is showing a trend of blooming in multiple places, but at the same time it faces problems such as weak infrastructure, lack of planning, and lack of self-sufficiency in key technologies and materials.

Countries are actively deploying the hydrogen fuel cell automobile industry

Fuel cell vehicles are recognized by the international community as the most important application field of hydrogen energy. According to the International Hydrogen Energy Commission, by 2030, there will be 10 million to 15 million hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the world.

Since 2013, Toyota, Hyundai, Honda and other automobile companies have successively launched commercial fuel cell vehicles, thus triggering a wave of hydrogen energy. In recent years, countries and regions such as Japan, the United States, and the European Union have successively announced hydrogen energy industry development plans and projects to promote the development of the hydrogen energy industry.

"Japan regards the development of hydrogen energy as a national strategy. Automobile companies such as Toyota and Honda are among the best in fuel cell technology. South Korea regards the 'hydrogen economy' as an innovative growth strategy. In May this year, the European Commission announced that it would allocate tens of billions of euros for hydrogen energy technology and clean energy infrastructure. Data shows that the governments of France, Germany, Portugal and other countries are increasing their financial investment and vigorously developing advanced technologies such as hydrogen energy and hydrogen-powered trains." Wu Hongbo, the Chinese government's special representative for European affairs, said.

At present, fuel cell vehicles are in the transition stage from technology research and development to commercial promotion. It is understood that the United States and the European Union have proposed to promote 5.3 million and 4.24 million hydrogen fuel cell vehicles by 2030, respectively. South Korea plans to produce a total of 6.2 million vehicles by 2040, and Japan plans to achieve a grand goal of 3 million to 6 million fuel cell vehicles in 2040.

Optimistic about the prospects of the hydrogen energy industry, major domestic automakers have also begun to lay out. For example, SAIC Motor released its hydrogen strategy in September. Starting from 2020, it will launch at least ten fuel cell vehicle products in the next five years. Its subsidiary Jie Hydrogen Technology has reached a market value of tens of billions of yuan, established a fuel cell R&D and operation team of more than 1,000 people, and formed a production and sales scale of 10,000 fuel cell vehicles, with a market share of more than 10%.

"Hydrogen energy has never been so highly valued as it is today. Fuel cell vehicles have truly become an important strategic development direction for major global automobile groups." Wu Zhixin, deputy general manager of China Automotive Technology Research Center Co., Ltd. said.

"Hydrogen energy has a wide range of radiation. It can connect many industrial chains from materials to equipment manufacturing, so it has a very large pulling effect on the overall economy. Major economies around the world have taken the development of hydrogen energy as an important means to cope with climate change and achieve low-carbon energy transformation, and have included hydrogen energy in their national energy strategic planning." Zhao Jishi, director of Foshan Institute of Environment and Energy, said.

As of the end of 2019, a total of 417 hydrogen refueling stations were put into operation worldwide. According to the plan, by 2030, one in ten households in Japan will be covered by distributed power sources supported by hydrogen energy; Germany's hydrogen industry can reach 130 billion euros by 2030; and South Korea's hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will increase to 6.2 million units by 2024.

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is on the rise

In 2019, hydrogen energy was written into the government work report for the first time, requiring "promoting the construction of charging, hydrogenation and other facilities". Subsequently, many provinces and cities have announced their own hydrogen energy industry development plans, driving the acceleration of the layout of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry.

On September 8, Beijing issued the "Beijing Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2020-2025)". According to the plan, by 2025, Beijing will cultivate 5-10 leading hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry chain companies with international influence, and strive to achieve a cumulative promotion of more than 10,000 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and a cumulative output value of more than 24 billion yuan for the entire hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry chain.

Driven and stimulated by policies, the domestic hydrogen energy industry is on the rise. According to statistics released by Hydrogen Cloud Chain, from January to July 2020, the total nominal investment in my country's hydrogen energy industry exceeded 130 billion yuan, an increase of more than 30% year-on-year compared with 2019, of which 5 investments reached 10 billion yuan.

As of September 2020, my country has carried out demonstration operations of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in 32 cities, with a cumulative mileage of more than 100 million kilometers and a maximum mileage of more than 140,000 kilometers per vehicle. The localization rate of key components such as stacks and hydrogen storage bottles has increased rapidly.

"The domestic hydrogen energy industry has gradually formed a complete industrial chain, mastered the main production processes and technologies, and formed more than 300 industrial enterprises above designated size, realizing small-scale demonstration applications of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in some cities in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta." Jing Chunmei, deputy director of the Information Department of the China International Economic Exchange Center, said.

The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry still faces multiple bottlenecks to be broken

The reporter learned during the investigation that the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is currently showing a trend of blooming in multiple places in my country, and many local governments and capital have laid out their plans. However, there are still bottlenecks to be solved, such as lack of planning guidance, significant small and scattered situation, weak infrastructure, and reliance on foreign core materials and key technologies.

A staff member of the Investment Promotion Bureau of Danzao Town, a "hydrogen energy town" in Nanhai District, Foshan City, told reporters that because hydrogen is expensive and unaffordable, hydrogen refueling stations need a lot of government subsidies to continue operating.

Wei Chang, director of the Beijing Low-carbon Clean Energy Research Institute of the State Energy Group, said that most of the domestic hydrogen sources currently come from fossil energy, with a large carbon footprint and serious pollution. There are not many hydrogen production sources from renewable energy. "The cost of hydrogen production is relatively high. Currently, the electrolysis of water produces more than 60 yuan/kg of hydrogen. Technological breakthroughs are needed to reduce costs."

"The development of the hydrogen energy industry needs to break through the cost barrier. The development of hydrogen energy faces the situation of complex and costly hydrogen production and storage and transportation technology routes. At the same time, the current domestic hydrogen fuel cell system has a higher vehicle cost than pure electric new energy vehicles, and it does not have a cost advantage in promotion. It is necessary to break through the cost shackles through the core technology research of the entire industry chain." Tang Haolin, chief professor of the National Key Laboratory of New Materials Composite Technology of Wuhan University of Technology, said.

Wei Chang believes that insufficient hydrogen energy infrastructure is also an important factor hindering the commercial application of fuel cell vehicles. "Globally, hydrogen refueling infrastructure is very limited. At the end of 2019, there were about 400 hydrogen refueling stations, while there were only 46 in China. In the next few years, the demand for hydrogen refueling infrastructure will be very large. For example, in 2025, according to the needs of various countries, it will be 7-8 times the current level, and by 2030 it may be 30-40 times." Wei Chang said.

The hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry still needs to break through the material and technology barriers. Wu Zhixin, deputy general manager of China Automotive Technology Research Center Co., Ltd., said that my country still needs to make further breakthroughs in carbon paper, membrane electrode, catalyst, air compressor, high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, etc. "At present, related parts still need to be purchased from developed countries."

Taking the core material catalyst as an example, "At present, Japan's Tanaka Company occupies 70% of the domestic market share, and the remaining 20%-30% is occupied by the British JM Company, which almost all relies on overseas." Liu Jinhui, chairman of Guangdong Jiping New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. said.

Wu Zhixin believes that the promotion and application of fuel cell vehicles needs to go through multiple stages of "technical research and development to achieve breakthroughs, demonstration and application to verify technology, fill in the gaps in policies, standards and regulations, continue to popularize science to achieve general social recognition, continue to promote scale expansion, infrastructure to form scale, and finally achieve commercialization."

"At present and for a long time in the future, it is crucial to adhere to the balance of integrated innovation and original innovation, focus more on the research and development of basic materials, basic parts and components, achieve independent control of core technologies, and establish a complete industrial chain." Wu Zhixin said. Xinhua Finance

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