AA rechargeable battery

　　What types of photovoltaic cells are there and what factors affect output?

　　Types of photovoltaic cells include monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells, amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells, multi-compound photovoltaic cells, etc. In addition, factors that affect the output characteristics of the battery include the influence of temperature, the influence of light intensity, etc., so the following will introduce them in detail Check out the relevant content.

　　1. Types of photovoltaic cells

　　1. Monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells

　　The photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cells is about 15%, with the highest reaching 24%. This is the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency among all types of solar cells at present. However, the production cost is so high that it cannot be widely used and widely used. commonly used. Since monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated with tempered glass and waterproof resin, it is strong and durable, with a service life of generally up to 15 years and up to 25 years.

　　2. Polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic cells

　　The manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is much lower, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12%. In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The material is easy to manufacture, saves power consumption, and the overall production cost is low, so it has been widely developed. In addition, the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells is shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of performance-price ratio, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are slightly better.

　　3. Amorphous silicon photovoltaic cells

　　Amorphous silicon solar cells are a new type of thin-film solar cells that appeared in 1976. They are completely different from monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is greatly simplified, silicon material consumption is very small, and power consumption is lower. Its main The advantage is that it can generate electricity even in low light conditions. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is that the photoelectric conversion efficiency is low, the international advanced level is about 10%, and it is not stable enough. As time goes by, its conversion efficiency decays.

　　4. Multi-compound photovoltaic cells

　　Multicomponent compound solar cells refer to solar cells that are not made of single element semiconductor materials. There are many varieties studied in various countries, and most of them have not yet been produced industrially. The main ones are as follows:

　　a) Cadmium sulfide solar cells

　　b) Gallium arsenide solar cells

　　c) Copper indium selenide solar cell (new multi-band gap gradient Cu (In, Ga) Se2 thin film solar cell.

　　2. Factors affecting the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells

　　1. Effect of temperature on the output characteristics of photovoltaic cells and components

　　As we all know, when the temperature of photovoltaic cells and components is high, the working efficiency decreases. As the temperature of the photovoltaic cell increases, the open circuit voltage decreases. In the range of 20-100 degrees Celsius, the voltage of the photovoltaic cell decreases by about 2mV for every 1 degree Celsius increase. The photocurrent increases slightly with the increase of temperature, about every 1 degree Celsius. The photocurrent of the battery increases by one thousandth when the temperature rises by 1 degree Celsius. In general, for every 1 degree Celsius increase in temperature, power is reduced by 0.35%. This is the basic concept of temperature coefficient. Different photovoltaic cells have different temperature coefficients, so the temperature coefficient is one of the criteria for judging the performance of photovoltaic cells.

　　2. Effect of light intensity on the output characteristics of photovoltaic cell modules

　　Light intensity is proportional to the photocurrent of photovoltaic cells and components. Within the range of light intensity from 100 to 1000 watts per square meter, the photocurrent always increases linearly with the increase of light intensity; while light intensity has little effect on voltage, and changes in temperature Under fixed conditions, when the light intensity changes within the range of 400-1000 watts per square meter, the open circuit voltage of photovoltaic cells and modules remains basically unchanged. Therefore, the power of photovoltaic cells is basically proportional to the light intensity.

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