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　　Future competition in high-tech industries: Graphene seizes the commanding heights

　　The emerging new era of graphene materials

　　Although the discovery of graphene was only about 10 years ago, it triggered waves of research and development that swept the world. Graphene is a two-dimensional crystal made of closely packed carbon atoms. It has magical properties such as electron transmission, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. In 2004, physicists Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov of the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom successfully separated graphene from graphite in the laboratory, proving that graphene can exist alone, and therefore won the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics, which set off a global research boom in the preparation, modification and application of graphene. The application prospects of using graphene in supercapacitors, transparent electrodes, lithium-ion batteries, sensors, functional coatings and polymer nanocomposites have opened up a new era of graphene materials.

　　As some scholars have said, the 19th century was the age of iron, the 20th century was the age of silicon, and the 21st century is the age of carbon. Carbon is one of the most ubiquitous elements in nature and the most important element in all life forms on earth. The properties of carbon materials cover the properties of almost all substances on earth. Advanced carbon materials have new structures and excellent physical and chemical properties. They are new materials of great and decisive significance to future development.

　　As one of the key strategic emerging industries, the new materials industry is also the cornerstone and forerunner of the future development of high-tech industries and an important foundation for my country to become a world manufacturing power. Graphene is an advanced carbon material that is the highest quality material discovered in the world today. It has the following characteristics: the thinnest, 0.35nm, known as the thinnest material in the world today; the largest specific surface area, 2620m2/g; the hardest, with a stiffness better than diamond, and the strongest substance known to mankind, 100 times harder than steel. times; the most tensile, can be elastically stretched by 20%; the highest thermal conductivity, 5300W/m.k; the highest mobility 200,000cm2/v.s@300k; high light transmittance, 97.7% light transmittance/single layer; high current carrying Capability: The current density is 6 orders of magnitude higher than that of copper; the most peculiar thing is that graphene is a two-dimensional quantum material with linear energy band dispersion relationship, the effective mass of the carrier is zero, and the quantum Hall effect can be observed in the greenhouse; also It has room temperature ballistic transport properties.

　　Graphene has ultra-thin, ultra-light, ultra-high strength, ultra-strong electrical conductivity, excellent room temperature thermal conductivity and light transmittance, is almost completely transparent, has a stable structure, is widely used, and has huge development prospects. It is the key to promoting strategic high-tech development. Material.

　　Graphene has unlimited application prospects. Although it is still in the potential stage and its universal application and industrialization have not yet opened up, from the perspective of scientific prediction, it has become a key area that cannot be ignored. For example, it can replace and solve the shortcomings of traditional lithium batteries such as slow charging speed, poor power storage capacity, short life, and pollution. It can solve key problems in the development of electric vehicles and enable new energy electric vehicles to flourish. Another example is that it can replace silicon to create a new generation of supercomputers in the future; it can replace ITO transparent conductive films and be used in touch screens, flexible displays, solar cells and other electronic industry fields; it can also be used in seawater desalination, degradable plastics, heat dissipation films, and anti-corrosion coatings. , biomaterials, composite materials, tablet computers, watch calendars, mobile phones, photoelectric detectors, graphene paper, graphene cloth and aerospace specialties, ultra-light body armor, ultra-thin and ultra-light aircraft, ultra-thin folding mobile phones, and even imagination Powerful Sky Elevator and more. The demand created by graphene is very likely to set off a disruptive new technology and new industrial revolution sweeping the world. Judging from global development trends, no one is willing to lose the major opportunities brought by the development of graphene.

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