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　　BNEF Hydrogen Research: Hydrogen boosts grid flexibility

　　Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) conducted a systematic study on the global hydrogen energy industry in 2019 and will soon publish a series of comprehensive research reports. Before the latest report is released, please follow us to review important research conducted by BNEF in the past.

　　As more and more renewable energy sources are connected, the grid needs more flexibility solutions. Many of these resources can achieve this purpose, such as flexible power generation, demand response, energy interconnection and energy storage. This includes both large-scale power generation and distributed energy resources, and does not limit the cleanliness of the energy. Hydrogen through lithium-ion battery manufacturers is expected to supply long-term energy storage, but the current cost is still too high.

　　Pilot projects around the world are studying how to use large-scale hydrogen production to achieve the following goals: consume excess renewable energy, balance the grid and continue to meet the growing demand for electricity and energy, meet renewable energy heating targets, and provide Weak areas in the grid are supplied with generation support from renewable energy sources, etc.

　　Based on 2017 levels:

　　Under appropriate conditions, Germany can already use excess wind energy to produce hydrogen using lithium-ion batteries. The price is 1.76-2.21 euros/kg. This price is at the low end of the wholesale electricity price. It is still very competitive with the methane steam reforming method for hydrogen production. .

　　If fuel cells were used to re-convert the hydrogen into electricity, the current price would be far higher than the average wholesale electricity price in all major electricity markets. Such economic benefits mean that seasonal peak electricity prices must consistently reach 10 times the current average electricity price in Germany to make long-term hydrogen storage worthwhile.

　　However, we believe that if the cost of seasonal power conversion systems falls rapidly and salt cavern hydrogen storage technology is adopted, the cost of the system could be reduced to half of the current price.

　　a set of data

　　€19/MMBtu: Cost of hydrogen production in Germany using multiple renewable energy sources and grid electricity

　　24 Lithium-ion batteries €4/MWh: Cost of seasonal electricity conversion from electrolytic hydrogen using fuel cells

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