Column rechargeable battery

　　Methods to increase the actual capacity of Column rechargeable battery and waste lead recycling technology for waste Column rechargeable battery

　　As the application fields of Column rechargeable battery continue to expand in my country, such batteries have begun to be used in automobiles, electric vehicles, communications and other fields, resulting in an increasing demand for Column rechargeable battery and further promoting the production of Column rechargeable battery. The expansion of production capacity has promoted the sustainable development of the lead-acid battery production industry. Today the editor will talk about "methods to increase the actual capacity of Column rechargeable battery and waste lead recycling technology for waste Column rechargeable battery."

　　1. Methods to increase the actual capacity of Column rechargeable battery

　　1. Increase the amount of active material. The amount of active material participating in the reaction is related to the thickness of the electrode plate. Because when a small current is discharged for a long time, the electrolyte can penetrate into the active material gaps deep in the electrode plate. The utilization rate of the active material is high and the discharge is The capacity is large. On the contrary, in a short period of time, if the discharge current is too large, the lead sulfate generated on the surface of the plate will easily block the pores of the active material, causing the active material deep in the plate to not be replenished by the electrolyte in time and the discharge will be terminated. Therefore, using large current for short-time discharge, the discharge capacity depends on the size of the plate area.

　　2. Change the porosity of the active material. The ratio of the total volume (volume) occupied by the pores in the active material to the total volume (volume) of the active material is called the porosity (pore size) of the active material. According to the definition, the greater the porosity of the active material, the more actual holes and the less active material. Although the greater the porosity, the larger the contact area between the electrolyte and the active material, and the greater the battery discharge capacity, but because there are too many holes, the active material will be reduced, and the battery discharge capacity will be reduced. Therefore, there must be an optimal void ratio. Generally, the void ratio of the positive plate is 55% and the negative plate is 60%.

　　3. Change the temperature of the electrolyte. Density and Discharge Current Electrolyte density and purity both have an impact on the capacity of Column rechargeable battery. When the temperature is low, the viscosity and resistance of the sulfuric acid electrolyte increase, making diffusion difficult, the concentration difference increases sharply, and the resistance increases, making it difficult for chemical reactions inside the active material to proceed. If the density of the electrolyte is low, the amount of sulfuric acid participating in the reaction is not enough; if the density is too high, the viscosity and resistance of the electrolyte will also increase. The Column rechargeable battery that were first used generally used electrolytes with a density of 1.270--1.290g/cm3. In addition, the discharge current will also affect the capacity of Column rechargeable battery. When discharging with a small current, the current density is small and the number of lead ions is small near the electrode, that is, the supersaturation of lead ions is small and it is easy to form loose lead ions. The lead sulfate salt layer with coarse grains is conducive to the diffusion of sulfuric acid electrolyte through the gaps to the depth of the electrode plate to contact the active material, and the discharge capacity will be increased.

　　4. Column rechargeable battery cannot be idle for too long. If Column rechargeable battery are left idle for too long, the capacity will become lower and lower.

　　2. Waste lead recycling technology for waste Column rechargeable battery

　　1. Fire smelting process

　　Fire treatment of waste Column rechargeable battery mainly uses reduction smelting. In addition to adding reducing agents during smelting, fluxes such as iron filings, sodium carbonate, limestone, quartz and fluorite can also be added.

　　2. Hydrometallurgy process

　　The battery fragments obtained after dismantling and preprocessing waste Column rechargeable battery are a mixture of metallic lead, lead oxides, lead salts and other metals such as copper, silver, arsenic, etc.

　　Hydrometallurgical technology, also known as electrolysis, uses electricity to selectively reduce all lead compounds in battery fragments into metallic lead. Its main feature is that there is no waste gas or waste residue during the smelting process, and the lead recovery rate can reach 95-97%.

　　The working principle of hydrosmelting technology is to add a reducing agent to the solution. The reducing agent in the lead reduction process can be configured with steel pickling wastewater to achieve the purpose of "treating waste with waste".

　　3. Solid phase electrolysis process

　　The solid-phase electrolysis process uses sodium hydroxide aqueous solution as the electrolyte. Both the cathode and the anode are made of stainless steel plates. During electrolysis, the solid-phase leaded material molecules in the lead paste are used to obtain electrons from the cathode surface and are reduced to metallic lead.

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