Nickel Hydride No. 5 battery

The future of power Nickel Hydride No. 5 battery for new energy vehicles from the perspective of technological change and development

Power lithium-ion battery combustion is seriously harmful. In the rapid development stage of new energy vehicles, any combustion accident may make a company return to the pre-liberation era overnight, causing harm to the life and property safety of the owners. In many cases, the battery just burns and there is no way to guard against it.

If this problem is handled, it means that we will have safer batteries in the future, and the development of new energy vehicles will be better.

It is reported that a company claims that it has achieved non-combustion of power lithium-ion batteries through non-combustible electrolytes, high-temperature resistant diaphragms and passive defense technologies for cooling and thermal control fluids.

In theory, these three technologies correspond to the treatment of battery combustion processes. When the battery burns, the battery itself generates heat. When the heat generation and heat dissipation cannot be balanced, the heat begins to accumulate inside the battery and the temperature rises. When the internal temperature of the battery reaches 130°C, the general diaphragm will melt and shrink, and the positive and negative electrodes of the battery will short-circuit because there is no diaphragm blocking it. Then a more violent electrochemical reaction will occur, releasing more heat, and gas battery combustion and explosion will occur.

Then let's talk about these three core technical directions.

Electrolyte technology breakthrough is a battery revolution

Liquid electrolyte is called electrolyte. Electrolyte plays the role of charge conduction inside lithium-ion batteries. Batteries without electrolytes cannot be charged or discharged. At present, most lithium-ion batteries are composed of flammable and volatile non-aqueous solutions. This composition system has higher specific energy and voltage output than batteries composed of aqueous electrolytes, which meets the higher energy needs of users. Because non-aqueous electrolytes are flammable and volatile, they are infiltrated into the battery and form the source of battery combustion.

Technical breakthroughs in electrolytes often bring about a revolution in battery development. There have been three revolutions in the history of zinc-manganese battery development. Two of them came from technical breakthroughs in electrolytes, which improved the discharge performance and specific energy of batteries. At present, lithium-ion battery safety is a problem. There are several market technology directions for electrolytes that deal with combustion problems.

The company's electrolyte still exists in the form of electrolyte, which must be a non-aqueous electrolyte or room temperature ionic liquid. Although the detailed technology is unknown, gel and solid electrolytes will also be a safer direction in the future.

The diaphragm is not a layer of paper with high technical content

During the battery combustion process, the diaphragm melts and shrinks due to high temperature, which causes internal short circuit of the battery. Improving the heat resistance temperature of the diaphragm is the technical direction of manufacturing safer batteries. The diaphragm is not as simple as a layer of paper. In addition to temperature, the wetting ability, porosity, mechanical strength, internal resistance, electrochemical stability, etc. of the diaphragm are also factors considered in the actual processing of the diaphragm. Therefore, the diaphragm is not as simple as a layer of paper. From the perspective of temperature resistance, safety and liquid absorption rate, after combining these factors, the technical direction of the diaphragm is as follows.

The company's diaphragm uses aramid diaphragms processed by electrospinning technology, which has excellent comprehensive performance. Among them, Teijin and Jiangsu Shengou Aramid have a small amount of processing. Compared with general diaphragms, Microhong's pMIA diaphragm has a simpler processing technology, but the current price is high. In the future, there is enough room to support the continuous iteration of new technologies and bring safer products to the new energy industry.

Batteries with sufficient heat dissipation are safe batteries

As mentioned above, the electrolyte is to isolate the source of combustion, and the diaphragm is to increase the heat resistance temperature. Then sufficient heat dissipation is to reduce the battery temperature and guard against excessive heat accumulation causing battery thermal runaway. If the battery temperature rises sharply to 300℃, even if the diaphragm does not melt and shrink, the electrolyte itself, the electrolyte and the positive and negative electrodes will undergo a strong chemical reaction, release gas, form internal high pressure and explode, so the use of appropriate heat dissipation methods is the closed loop of the battery non-combustion treatment method.

The company's passive protection of cooling thermal control fluid is mainly for battery heat dissipation, and air isolation is a secondary function. If the air cannot be isolated, the heat dissipation circulation liquid is easy to leak during driving, climbing, and vibration, reducing the heat dissipation function, which is unacceptable for battery safety. Microhong belongs to liquid cooling technology, which contains three active heat dissipation methods for batteries: air cooling and phase change material heat dissipation. Among them, liquid cooling is relatively mature technology at present, suitable for general medium and high power equipment; air cooling is suitable for low power equipment, and the technology is mature; phase change materials have a strong heat dissipation effect, suitable for high power equipment, and can also be combined with air cooling to form a hot air cabin circulation heating to improve energy efficiency. The technology is still in the research and development stage and is a future direction.

Looking forward to battery technology making travel safer

The development of internal combustion engines has been around for a century and a half, and the appearance of cars has been around for two and a half centuries. Electric cars appeared earlier than internal combustion engines, but because of the low energy power, low speed and distance, high cost of early electric cars, as well as the large amount of external oil extraction and the continuous advancement of internal combustion engine technology, the development of electric cars has been stagnant for nearly a century. The market needs safe products, technology brings product revolution, and the development of battery technology will make travel safer.

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