R03 Carbon battery

R03 Carbon battery technology needs comprehensive consideration

For electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, the core technology lies in the battery. Compared with other types of batteries, although power lithium-ion batteries have the disadvantages of high price and poor safety performance, they have important advantages such as large specific energy and long cycle life. advantages and therefore has broader development prospects. The technical development of power lithium-ion batteries is also changing with each passing day, with improvements in capacity and structure. Relevant experts said that no matter which technical route the battery manufacturer adopts, it should meet the requirements of high safety in use, wide range of environmental temperature differences, and high charging and discharging functionality. Strong, rate discharge usability and other conditions.

Battery capacity involves technology and cost

Lithium-ion batteries can be divided into two types: small batteries and large batteries according to their size. Small batteries are usually used in 3C electronic products. The related technologies and industries have developed very maturely, and the overall profits are on a downward trend. More than 85% of current lithium-ion battery products are small batteries.

Large batteries are also commonly known as power batteries. There are also two types of small power batteries and large power batteries. The former is mainly used in power tools, electric bicycles, etc., while the latter is used in electric vehicles and energy storage fields. Currently, three types of power vehicles, pure electric (EV), plug-in hybrid (pHEV), and hybrid (HEV), are in a period of rapid development and have attracted much attention from the industry. As the core of the future automobile industry, the development of the R03 Carbon battery industry has received unprecedented attention and has been elevated to a strategic level by major countries.

Yang Rukun, president of Shenzhen Jiyang Automation Technology Co., Ltd., said that small batteries cannot compare with large batteries in terms of product profits and development scale. Although the current scale of the R03 Carbon battery industry is still small, the growth of electric vehicles Mass production has brought important development opportunities to the R03 Carbon battery industry. According to calculations by industry authorities, in recent years, the R03 Carbon battery market will exceed the size of the global mobile phone lithium-ion battery market. This change will trigger a new round of investment in related manufacturing equipment and factories. At the same time, new entrants into the R03 Carbon battery market will Major manufacturers in the ion battery industry will make technological competition in related fields more intense.

At present, whether to adopt a single large-capacity battery technology solution or a small-capacity battery parallel connection technology solution has been a matter of debate in the industry. The key to which technical route to adopt depends on the results of the battery pack, whether it is in terms of volume, weight, and Product quality, performance, price, ease of installation, etc. are competitive.

Yang Rukun said that there is a big difference between using single large-capacity batteries and small-capacity parallel batteries in pHEV, HEV and EV. Using single large-capacity batteries has low assembly costs, but the manufacturing pass-through rate is low and the battery cost is high. , which is not conducive to heat dissipation management and other deficiencies; small-capacity parallel battery packs have a high pass-through rate, low cost, and good safety performance, but there are too many connections between them, and the problem of integrated assembly costs needs to be well solved. Therefore, to achieve the best performance of the battery, many issues such as manufacturing efficiency, automation, packaging, electricity, heat, safety, monitoring and control, and interface with other parts of the vehicle need to be considered. Which technology to use in different situations must be weighed according to the specific application. According to analysis, which type will become popular depends on the future development of battery materials, battery design and battery manufacturing technology.

Wang Jinliang, vice chairman of the China Battery Industry Association, said that whether the battery pack should use large-capacity single cells or small-capacity cells in parallel involves not only technical issues, but also cost issues. He believes that using large-capacity single batteries in series is more reasonable and has more market competitive advantages. At present, some companies use the method of connecting tens of thousands of "18650" small batteries in series to make power battery packs. This is mainly based on the mature small battery technology, which has been tested for a long time in notebook computers and other products. The batteries are consistent Good performance, coupled with the lack of mature large battery production experience and other considerations. From the analysis of mathematical probability, if tens of thousands of batteries are mixed-connected, the probability of product defects and process defects will be greatly increased. In addition, small batteries require more spare parts, such as casings, connectors, and single cell protection ( Balance) components, etc., the cost will increase significantly. Even if it is technically feasible, it will eventually be eliminated by the market.

Battery structure should be considered comprehensively

In addition to the capacity, the structures currently used in power lithium-ion batteries are also different: high-power types mostly use winding structures, and high-energy types mostly use lamination structures. "As a power battery, I still prefer lamination technology. The thermal runaway of winding is difficult to control, and heat dissipation is a problem." Yang Rukun said.

He believes that from the perspective of being conducive to manufacturing, there are currently three technical routes for power batteries that are gradually becoming mature. They have common characteristics, such as mature accessories and equipment, relatively large production volumes, and many manufacturers. These three routes are: first, rolled cylindrical batteries, such as power-type 18, 26, 32 and 42 series; second, rolled square power batteries, which are characterized by internal multi-cell combinations to form large capacity (50 Ah (left and right); the third is laminated batteries. Relatively speaking, laminated batteries can make larger-capacity batteries. “Looking at the development of global power lithium-ion batteries, there are not many cells that can be mass-produced above 100 Ah. We believe that this is not a simple issue of design and courage, but a comprehensive consideration of the chemical mechanism of power batteries. , the thermal characteristics of the battery, the electromagnetic field characteristics, the manufacturability of the battery, the supply of battery materials and components, the maturity and reliability of the equipment, etc.," Yang Rukun said.

Wei Xuezhe, associate professor at Tongji University School of Automotive, told reporters that battery specifications are mainly divided into square laminations and cylindrical shapes. For the application of new energy vehicles, Shanghai Hengdong Automobile Battery Co., Ltd. will adhere to the technical route of square laminations. The main basis is:

From the perspective of a single unit, square lamination technology can better dissipate the heat inside the battery, which is conducive to the consistency of temperature distribution; from a module perspective, it is conducive to integrating the heat dissipation of the single unit with the cooling system of the module and battery pack. Combined to meet the requirements of long cycle life and shelf life of new energy vehicles.

Square laminations can achieve better space utilization when grouped. Space utilization is one of the most difficult issues in the layout of new energy vehicles at present.

Wei Xuezhe said that there is no doubt that the current maturity of small cylindrical battery production processes and equipment is higher than that of large square laminated batteries. In other words, from the perspective of the power battery industry chain, making small cylindrical batteries is to leave the difficulties behind. Given the battery module integration, battery pack integration and vehicle applications. Shanghai Hengdong Automotive Battery Co., Ltd. does not intend to avoid this problem. It will use square laminated battery design and manufacturing as a breakthrough, module integration and battery pack design as the basic application boundaries, combined with battery management technology, to solve the industry with clear and clean interfaces. Basic technical issues on the chain.

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