rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v

Does fast charging hurt the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v?

"Fast charging hurts the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v! Are you trying to buy me a new phone?" Obviously, this statement shows a lack of understanding of fast charging technology. In order to make everyone understand this matter thoroughly, the Qiuzhen Laboratory has done enough homework and taught everyone a lesson to understand clearly what causes the accelerated aging of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v and resolve this misunderstanding.

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The principle of fast charging is actually very simple

Nowadays, the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v capacity of mobile phones is generally more than 2,000 to 3,000 mAh. Using a traditional 5V/1A charger, it takes at least three hours to fully charge a rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v, which is much longer than the more than one hour it took for Nokia phones to fully charge. With the increase in rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v capacity, the power of the original charger cannot meet the charging needs, so fast charging technology has emerged.

S10 disassembly

Major mobile phone manufacturers have launched their own fast charging technology, the principle of which is to increase the charging current and voltage to achieve high-power charging. Simply put, the input power of the charging port = input voltage x input current. Generally, mobile phone chargers have a charging curve, which controls different voltages and currents to achieve the highest charging efficiency. Generally speaking, the most efficient way is constant current charging (faster charging speed), then constant voltage charging (charging speed is reduced because the voltage of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v itself has increased), and finally trickle charging (after full charge, to compensate for the capacity loss caused by self-discharge).

rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v calculation formula

Most mobile phones now use Qualcomm QuickCharge charging technology, from the initial 1.0 standard to the latest 4.0 standard. The higher the standard, the higher the charging efficiency. QC1.0 breaks through the USB-IF protocol on USBrechargeable battery 18650 3.7vCharge1.2, and the voltage and current are increased to 5V2A, and the charging time is shortened by 40%. The real improvement of fast charging starts from QC2.0. Through the handshake protocol, the charger and the mobile phone can recognize each other. After the handshake, the transmission voltage is increased to up to 20V. Although the current remains unchanged, the charging efficiency is increased by nearly 75%.

Qualcomm

QC3.0 is based on 2.0 and introduces the optimal voltage intelligent protocol (INOV) algorithm to accurately control the charging voltage. The input voltage reaches an adaptive adjustment of 200mV per gear, and the performance has been improved by nearly 38% while reducing losses. At this time, with the controllable voltage, the current is increased to 3A. At present, the mainstream fast-charging mobile phones use QC2.0 and QC3.0 standards. In QC4.0, the voltage is more finely adjusted and controlled intelligently, with an accuracy of 20mV per gear. The charging current and voltage have also become more flexible, with a constant 3A or a non-constant 4.7A-5.6A. The voltage does not need to be as high as 20V. It is intelligently regulated between 5V-9V, and finally the speed is increased by nearly 20%, and the efficiency is increased by nearly 30%.

OnePlus 5

The main reason why fast charging technology requires more precise current and voltage control is that it can obtain a more extreme charging curve. In the early stage of charging, high-power charging allows users to obtain the maximum power in the shortest time. The remaining uncharged rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v capacity is charged in a gradually slowing manner to protect the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v and circuit.

rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging mechanism

The batteries used in mobile phones are mostly lithium-ion batteries. What we call rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging refers to the attenuation and aging of lithium-ion batteries in daily use. Why does aging occur? Let me first explain to you the working principle of lithium batteries: lithium ions can travel through the electrolyte at the positive and negative poles, thereby generating current to power the device. The so-called rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v capacity can be simply understood as the number of lithium ions running back and forth in the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v (during charging and discharging).

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The materials that make up the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v electrodes often break and decompose, allowing certain metal ions (especially manganese ions) to float freely and run to the opposite electrode, then trap lithium ions. When manganese ions (grey in the above picture) are stripped from the cathode (blue area) of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v, they react with the electrolyte near the anode (gold area) of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v and capture lithium ions (green and yellow in the above picture). As time goes by, more and more lithium ions cannot be put into normal operation (locked), and the capacity of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v gradually decreases, resulting in a decrease in rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life.

Why does it age?

1. Overcharge and overdischarge

There are many reasons for rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging, the first of which is natural aging. Even if used normally, lithium ions will detach from the anode by themselves and gradually age, but the aging rate is slow; in daily use, overcharging and overdischarging the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v will accelerate the aging of lithium batteries. Today's mobile phones usually have a rectifier and voltage regulator design. When the charge is full, the charger power supply will disconnect the charging circuit and directly use the power cord to power the phone. If the original charger is not used, it is very likely that the power will not be cut off in time and the fully charged rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v will continue to be charged. It will accelerate the shedding of lithium ions, damage the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v, and cause rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging; and when the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v is exhausted, the freely moving ions will be trapped, which will also consume the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v capacity.

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2. Too high/too low temperature

In addition to overcharging and overdischarging, too high or too low rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v temperature will also affect rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life. Frequent discharge of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v will generate heat, which will cause the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v temperature to be too high during actual use. Therefore, when we play large games or run other power-consuming programs, we need to pay attention to heat dissipation and control the program running time. Similarly, when the temperature is too low, the activity of lithium ions is reduced, and the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v performance and charging performance are also greatly reduced. If charging is forced, it will also affect the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life. Therefore, in a cold environment, mobile phones, notebooks, drones and other devices need to preheat the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v to reach a certain temperature before they can work normally.

Xiaomi 5s

3. Too high current

In addition, the charging current will also affect the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life. When the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v is charging, if the current is too high, the damage to the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v will be particularly serious, and it may even cause short circuits, explosions, combustion, etc. Generally, the original products of manufacturers will have charging protection circuits to control the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v charging current to be too large. In some counterfeit chargers and universal chargers, if the protection mechanism is not added, the consequences are very serious.

Will fast charging accelerate rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging?

As mentioned above, fast charging actually increases the power of the charger, increasing the current and voltage, and theoretically will not cause accelerated rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging. In fact, there is no doubt that a lot of heat will be generated during fast charging. High heat will cause the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v to work in a high temperature environment, which will also accelerate rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging. However, different manufacturers have their own technical optimizations in their respective fast charging technologies to improve the problem of heating, and optimize the fast charging mechanism to achieve almost no accelerated aging effect.

However, except for the oldest QC1.0 standard, the new version of fast charging technology can only achieve a higher voltage fast charging mode through a handshake protocol. For some mobile phones that do not support fast charging technology, even if a fast charging charger is used, the charger will automatically lower the charging efficiency to avoid accidents. There is no harm to using a fast charger for mobile phones that do not support fast charging.

Meizu Blue 5s

Compared with the bad habits of daily charging, the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging caused by fast charging seems to be slower. The most fundamental reason for the accelerated aging of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v is still caused by our bad charging habits.

Bad charging habits that you have to know

When it comes to bad charging habits, it is definitely inseparable from the reasons for rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging mentioned above. First of all, you should use the original charger and charging cable to avoid charging accidents due to poor charger quality. Problems such as unstable charging current are often caused by the poor quality of the equipment you use.

OnePlus 5

Frequent charging and discharging can easily accelerate the consumption of rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life, and even lead to problems such as reduced rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v activity and shortened rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life. Especially after the addition of fast charging technology, although the charging speed is very fast in the early stage, the power consumption is also accelerated, resulting in multiple charging and discharging, increasing the number of rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v cycles, and long-term use will reduce the activity of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v. The rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v life is limited, and accelerating the use of the mobile phone will naturally accelerate the aging of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v. Just like pouring beer, the faster the pouring speed, the larger the foam. The beer that is "full of foam" is not really full. The same is true for charging. The slow charging in the second half of fast charging is more important. So even if you use fast charging, try to let the phone be fully charged before turning off the power.

R9sPlus

In addition, the high and low temperature conditions of the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v also cause great damage to the charging of the mobile phone. In daily life, playing games while charging often causes the temperature of the phone to rise rapidly. High temperature accelerates the chemical reaction inside the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v, thus accelerating rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v aging. Therefore, if you want the rechargeable battery 18650 3.7v to last longer, it is best not to use it while charging. At the same time, in extreme environments, it is best to let the phone return to normal temperature before charging.

Fast charging brings convenience to our lives and improves our quality of life. We should not resist it. Only by understanding the truth and changing bad habits when using it can we enjoy life better.

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