When it comes to solid-state batteries, people in the industry are no
longer unfamiliar. Today, with the booming wave of electric vehicles, following
the large-scale application of liquid lithium-ion batteries, solid-state
batteries have become a hot topic in the industry and are regarded as the next
generation of cutting-edge power battery technology. Among them, car
manufacturers and battery suppliers have the most positive attitude, being at
the forefront of research and development and testing, and even announcing mass
production schedules. The most recent example is the Volkswagen Group’s
statement not long ago.
In order to further clarify the layout and progress of the automotive
industry in the field of solid-state batteries, the reporter sorted out relevant
information from mainstream companies. Unlike the "Three Countries" competition
among China, Japan and South Korea for lithium batteries, the competition for
solid-state batteries has taken on a global competitive shape.
U.K.
Dyson
In 2015, British home appliance giant Dyson announced the acquisition of
Sakti3, a new solid-state battery startup in Michigan, USA. Sakti3 has been
committed to professional R&D and manufacturing of high-performance
solid-state lithium-ion batteries.
France
Bollore
Bolloré’s 2,900 electric vehicles Bluecar put into use are equipped with
30kWh metal lithium polymer batteries produced by its subsidiary Batscap. This
power battery uses the Li-PEO-LFP material system.
Germany
public
In early August this year, Volkswagen Group CEO Diess said at a press
conference in Wolfsburg that its partner QuantumScape is developing technology
that can make electric vehicles cheaper and have longer driving range. The two
parties plan to do so in the next few years. Years of cooperative production of
batteries. It is understood that QuantumScape is a start-up company that
received a US$100 million investment from the Volkswagen Group in June this
year. Its trial solid-state battery has been tested on electric vehicles. The
Volkswagen Group also plans to establish a joint venture with QuantumScape with
the goal of establishing a solid-state battery production line by 2025.
The Volkswagen Group said that if the newly developed solid-state battery
is used, the driving range of the company's e-Golf can be increased from the
existing 300 kilometers to about 750 kilometers. “The commercial application of
solid-state batteries will be a turning point for electric vehicles,” said Axel
Heinrich, head of research and development at the Volkswagen Group. “By
combining the Volkswagen Group’s extensive product development experience with
QuantumScape’s technology, we We hope to accelerate the commercialization of
solid-state batteries and continue to move towards the next generation of
zero-emission mobile tools."
In September last year, the Volkswagen Group announced its large-scale
electric vehicle development plan "Roadmap E", proposing that all Volkswagen
Group models will have electric versions by 2030. Once its solid-state batteries
are used on a large scale, the Volkswagen Group's electric vehicle plan is bound
to get a lot of help.
BMW
Like all its competitors, BMW is also interested in solid-state batteries.
In December last year, BMW announced a new partnership with battery technology
company Solid Power. The two parties will jointly develop solid-state battery
technology for electric vehicles, including subsequent commercialization
processes. BMW hopes that solid-state batteries can bring the performance of
electric vehicles to a new level, and plans to put solid-state batteries into
production in 2026.
Solid Power is a start-up company in Colorado, USA, founded in 2012. Solid
Power previously claimed that it has achieved a breakthrough in solid-state
battery technology. The company mixed high-capacity metallic lithium anodes in
lithium batteries and created a new solid-state battery that has the same power
as traditional lithium at the same weight. 2 to 3 times that of the battery.
"Since the founding of the company, the Solid Power team has been committed to
developing and promoting competitive solid-state batteries. The cooperation with
BMW further confirms that solid-state battery innovation will further improve
electric vehicles." said Doug Campbell, founder and CEO of Solid Power.
Continental
In November last year, Elmar Genhardt, CEO of German parts giant
Continental, revealed that they were considering increasing investment in the
production of innovative batteries. Genhardt added that what Continental wants
to invest in is not the lithium-ion batteries currently in use, but a new
generation of solid-state battery technology expected to be put into production
in 2024 or 2025.
Continental previously announced that it plans to invest 300 million euros
by 2021 to support the research and development of electric vehicle technology
over the next ten years, including new battery technologies. In July this year,
Continental announced that it would split into three major segments: powertrain,
automobiles and rubber, and form three independent holding companies. Among
them, the powertrain company's business includes electric drive, internal
combustion engine-related, and battery projects.
China
SAIC
In 2016, Solid Energy, an American materials technology company, announced
that it had received Series B strategic investment from China's SAIC Motor.
Solid Energy emerged from the Energy Laboratory of the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology in the United States. In 2013, Solid Energy received a
total of US$4.5 million in Series A investment from VC Xiangfeng Investment, a
subsidiary of Temasek in Singapore, and Shanghai Qianyang. At the end of last
year, Solid Energy received US$30 million in Series C financing, with unknown
funding sources.
BYD
BYD applied for an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery cathode composite
material and solid-state lithium-ion battery invention patent in August 2017. In
January this year, BYD stated on its interactive platform that the company was
actively promoting the commercialization of solid-state battery projects.
Chen Liquan, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, once
made it clear: "To further improve energy density, all-solid-state lithium
batteries must be considered from now on." Chen Qingtai, chairman of the China
Electric Vehicles Committee of 100, also believes that from the next development
point of view, solid-state batteries should be focused on.
Take CATL, which has been in the spotlight recently, as an example. The
company has mainly carried out relevant research and development work in the
direction of polymer and sulfide-based solid-state batteries. Among them, in
terms of polymer solid-state lithium metal batteries, CATL has designed and
produced a polymer battery cell with a capacity of 325 mAh, which can be cycled
for more than 300 cycles with a capacity retention rate of 82%.
However, CATL Chairman Zeng Yuqun admitted that the company has invested in
R&D in the field of solid-state batteries for several years and has achieved
certain results, but it still takes a long time to commercialize.
Ganfeng Lithium Industry
In May this year, Ganfeng Lithium Industry stated that it is currently
conducting extensive testing of solid-state battery products and has established
a R&D center and test production line in Ningbo to accelerate the
commercialization of the company's solid-state lithium battery technology. The
company's solid-state lithium battery products are currently in the experimental
stage and have passed a number of third-party safety tests.
universal
In September last year, A123 Systems, a subsidiary of Wanxiang, invested in
Solid Power. In February this year, Wanxiang announced that A123 Systems had
invested in American Ion Materials. The company is a new materials technology
company that has developed a special polymer electrolyte that can improve the
performance of new solid-state batteries to a whole new level.
Qing pottery
Qingtao (Kunshan) Energy Development Co., Ltd. (referred to as "Qingtao
Development") is a high-tech enterprise invested and founded by a team of
Academician Nan Cewen of Tsinghua University that focuses on the development and
transformation of top new energy material technologies through
"industry-university-research". The company’s official website shows that it has
rich technical experience in the development of all-solid-state lithium
batteries and has formed a series of proprietary intellectual property
technologies. It has now broken through the core technology of all-solid
electrolyte material (LLTO, LLZO) production technology, which can be formed
through tape casting. , thin film preparation and other methods to prepare
all-solid electrolyte membranes to replace the liquid electrolyte materials in
traditional lithium batteries. In 2017, Qingtao Development focused on the
industrialization of all-solid-state lithium batteries, carried out joint
research from multiple dimensions of materials, devices, and equipment, and
launched mass-produced all-solid-state lithium batteries with an energy density
of 350Wh/kg.
South Korea
Hyundai Motor
Hyundai Motor has also joined the solid-state battery race. In April last
year, the Korea Herald revealed that Hyundai Motor was conducting research and
development of solid-state batteries through its battery research and
development team under its Nanyang Research and Development Center and had
reached a certain technical level.
In July this year, Hyundai Motor announced its investment in Ionic
Materials. It is understood that the company, located in Massachusetts, USA,
develops a solid-state alkaline battery, which is cheaper and more stable than
lithium-ion batteries. Officials claim that even if a bullet hits the surface of
the battery, the battery will still work normally.
Ionic Materials is focused on creating an entirely new polymer to replace
the liquid electrolyte in today's lithium-ion batteries. According to foreign
media reports, researchers at Ionic Materials claim to have made three major
breakthroughs. First, they assert that lithium ions move faster in polymers than
in conventional liquid electrolytes, which is basically contrary to existing
physical understanding. In theory, ions should have less difficulty passing
through solids. If this research is true, it will bring major innovations in the
field of solid-state batteries. Second, Ionic Materials says its materials
operate at voltages up to 5V. Finally, most materials in solid-state battery
research operate at temperatures around 60°C, but their materials can operate at
room temperature.
In addition to Hyundai Motor, Ionic Materials has many “funders”. In
February this year, Ionic Materials announced the completion of a $65 million
Series C round of financing, with investors including South Korea’s Samsung,
Britain’s Dyson and the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance.
Samsung SDI, LG Chem
In South Korea, Samsung SDI, LG Chem, etc. are accelerating the research
and development of solid-state batteries. At both the North American Auto Show
last year and this year, Samsung SDI exhibited solid-state batteries. A Samsung
SDI executive said last year that solid-state batteries will be produced in
about two years, and may first be used in smartphones. After safety is fully
tested, they will be used in cars around 2025.
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