Can battery technology rewrite the chapter of ship power?
At the recent Norwegian Maritime Exhibition, ColorHybrid, a new generation
plug-in dual-fuel ferry of Norwegian ColorLine Cruises, won the "2019 Best Ship
Award". The ship is currently the world's largest battery-hybrid ferry, pushing
the development of battery-powered ships to a new level.
More and more new fuels are emerging on the market, claiming to be the
future power of the shipping industry. Among them, one leader is beginning to
shine in the Norwegian market, and that is battery energy. Some 74 electric
ships are expected to enter operation in 2021. Norwegian shipowners and
technology manufacturers agree that battery technology can reduce ship emissions
and reduce overall operating costs.
Norway vigorously explores ship battery technology
Predicting the future is never something for the faint of heart, but if
someone has already taken steps to point us in a certain direction, then
exploring the future will be much easier. The Norwegian maritime market is
striving to act as a pathfinder in this regard, launching a number of hybrid or
purely battery-powered ship projects.
Jan Fredrik Meling, president and CEO of Norwegian offshore engineering
shipowner Eidesvik, said: "For shipowners, fuel consumption and cost are the
most important things. When we first started to contact LNG, we had not heard of
battery power, but now We are very interested in these new technologies.”
Norway has been a pioneer in green technology for a long time and has
carried out many hybrid power test projects, such as Eidesvik's offshore support
vessel Viking Lady, which provides a large part of its energy by fuel cells.
Eidesvik has also made further use of battery technology on its subsea
inspection, maintenance and repair vessel SevenViking, which was retrofitted
with battery technology in 2019 and is expected to reduce its fuel consumption
by 12.2%. Another subsea construction ship, NorthSeaGiant, has also been
modified with three 678kWh battery equipment. Eidesvik claims that the ship's
fuel saving rate will be as high as 30%.
The adoption of battery systems on ships has been slow to develop,
primarily because of their limited energy storage capabilities and the large
equipment size required to power an entire vessel.
However, now this technology has received a lot of research and
development, the size of energy storage devices is gradually shrinking, and
their use is becoming more and more flexible. According to the Norwegian
Maritime Cleantech Cluster (NCE Maritime Cleantech), the delivery of the world's
first pure electric ferry Ampère in 2014 sent a clear signal to the industry
that battery technology has great potential. NCE MaritimeCleanTech CEO Hege?
Kland said: "Ampère reduces fuel consumption by 70%, which is not only good for
the environment, but also brings business benefits."
Ms. Kland noted that as a tool, batteries can be used in a number of
different configurations, depending on vessel operations. “For ferries, you can
choose pure electric power or combine it with other fuels to form a hybrid. For
offshore vessels, the battery can be used as a peak-shaver or when the ship is
in DP mode. Use when needed.”
As existing projects progress, NCE MaritimeCleanTech predicts that 74
electric ships will be in operation off the Norwegian coast by 2021. The cruise
market is also a potential application area for battery technology, and
Norwegian Cruise Line Fjords’ battery-powered cruise project is undergoing
emissions control inspections.
China's electric ship market has promising prospects
Not only in Norway, the electric ship market is experiencing rapid
development in many regions around the world. Electric ships can be divided into
pure electric ships, diesel-electric hybrid ships and fuel cell ships. In terms
of technological development, the maturity of fuel cell technology is relatively
low. At present, existing ships are mainly tested on real ships. According to
statistics, the current global electric ships are mainly diesel-electric hybrid,
accounting for more than 80% of the total installed capacity.
From the perspective of application ship types, electric ships are
currently mainly car-passenger ferries and passenger ships, and some offshore
engineering ships also have certain applications. However, the industry is
expanding the scope of battery power applications to more ship types. For
example, in 2018, Dutch inland barge operator Port-Liner built Europe's first
battery-powered inland container ship. At the beginning of this year, Japanese
shipbuilding companies announced that they would jointly develop a new
zero-emission electric propulsion oil tanker, which is also the world's first
pure electric oil tanker. The first vessel is scheduled to be put into
production in the fourth quarter of 2020. Its core energy source will be
lithium-ion batteries for electric propulsion.
In fact, my country has laid out its plans earlier than Japan in terms of
ship electrification. In January 2019, the world's first 2,000-ton new energy
pure electric bulk carrier "Puffer" invested and built by Guangzhou Development
Group Co., Ltd. held a ship-picking ceremony in Guangzhou. The completion of the
ship has filled a gap in the world's market for inland river dual-electric drive
bulk carriers of the same tonnage.
On June 13, the first electric ship event was hosted by China Shipbuilding
Industry Association, Fujian Provincial Department of Industry and Information
Technology, and Ningde Municipal People's Government of Fujian Province, hosted
by Ningde Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology, and
co-organized by Ningde Times New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. The innovation and
development seminar was held in Ningde, Fujian. More than 130 leading experts
from national ministries and commissions, industry associations, relevant
enterprises and scientific research institutes gathered in Ningde to discuss the
prospects, technical paths, key technologies, supporting policies, business
promotion models and support measures for electric ships.
At the end of December 2018, CATL signed a strategic cooperation agreement
with China Classification Society to jointly promote research on battery ship
technical standards and water applications, and establish a safety specification
system from battery cells, modules, battery management systems to battery
systems. , to promote the healthy and sustainable development of lithium battery
water safety applications.
According to a previous report released by international market research
company ResearchandMarkets, the size of the global electric ship market will
reach US$7.3 billion (approximately RMB 45.31 billion) by 2024. Data shows that
the market size of my country's electric boats has reached 5.63 billion in 2016,
and is expected to expand to 9.63 billion by 2021. The market prospect is very
broad.
Common development of various ship energy sources
However, while developing battery technology, we should not stop
researching other fuel types such as LNG. Jan Fredrik Meling said: "As a
springboard for the future power of the shipping industry, LNG may provide a
solution."
In addition, Norway is also conducting research and development on hydrogen
energy, and hybrid hydrogen-powered ship projects are likely to enter the market
in the near future. In the development process of most new fuels, the lag in
infrastructure and regulatory regulations is the biggest challenge in the
market. Rapid technological advancement often catches infrastructure
construction and regulatory formulation by surprise.
Many Norwegian companies have begun to work together to create technology
centers to find the best ways to develop new energy technologies and maximize
energy efficiency. When it comes to energy technologies currently on the market,
Mr Meling said hybrid power is an effective approach among many other
options.
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