Briefly describe the actual situation of the new round of 6LR61 alkaline
battery technology and production expansion
Entering 2017, life is not easy for power battery manufacturers - upstream
raw material prices have increased, and downstream new energy vehicle subsidies
have declined, urging battery cost reduction. However, even so, for the power
battery industry, a new round of technology and production capacity expansion
But it is pressing ahead.
In the process of advancing the research and development of
high-energy-density batteries, various companies are vying to be the first.
Battery companies have increased investment in research and development,
improving the energy density of batteries and battery systems by improving raw
material systems such as positive and negative materials, separators, and
electrolytes, and optimizing PACK structures. The leaps in battery energy
density of CATL, Guoxuan High-Tech, Tianjin Lishen, BYD, AVIC Lithium Battery,
BAK Battery, Thornton New Energy, etc. have frequently attracted industry
attention.
The increase in energy density is, on the one hand, the inevitable result
of the development of new energy vehicles pursuing longer cruising range, and on
the other hand, it is closely related to the amount of government subsidies.
Entering 2017, the subsidy policy for new energy vehicles has been adjusted,
including battery energy density as an important reference indicator for
subsidies. On March 1 this year, four central ministries and commissions issued
a notice on the "Action Plan to Promote the Development of the Automotive Power
Battery Industry", which clearly pointed out that increasing the battery
specific energy will be one of the key development goals in the future. In terms
of product performance, it is proposed that the power battery system ratio will
be 2020. The energy reaches 260Wh/kg, the cost drops to less than 1 yuan/Wh, and
the specific energy of a power battery cell reaches the target of 500Wh/kg in
2025.
In addition, in order to improve China's power battery research and
development level, form R&D synergy among enterprises, and jointly promote
technological progress in the industry, the Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology also took the lead in establishing the National Power Battery
Innovation Center last year. The goal is that my country's power batteries will
catch up with the level of Japan and South Korea in 2020. According to Miao Wei,
Minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, "Building a
manufacturing innovation center is to make up for the broken links in the
innovation chain, especially to solve the so-called 'valley of death' between
laboratory products and industrialization, and to integrate dispersed innovation
resources." and the power of innovation.”
Under a series of incentive measures, power battery energy density has
repeatedly broken records. Recently, Minister of Science and Technology Wan Gang
stated at the 8th Clean Energy Ministerial Conference and the 2nd Innovation
Mission Ministerial Conference that since the large-scale development of
electric vehicles was launched in 2010, the energy density of electric vehicle
batteries has increased every four years or so. Doubling the cost reduces the
cost by approximately 50%.
China is making great strides at the forefront of increasing energy
density, and various battery technology routes are innovating, such as graphene,
lithium-air batteries, supercapacitors, etc., which appear in the newspapers
from time to time.
Continuously climbing to new heights of energy density not only breaks the
key constraint of new energy vehicle mileage, but also promotes the advancement
of the entire battery industry's technical level. However, in this round of
competition, the pure pursuit of high energy density has also caused concerns in
the industry - if higher energy density means more subsidies, will battery
safety, lifespan and other other factors be ignored because of the pursuit of
energy density? Important indicators.
Regarding battery safety and lifespan, it is no longer a new topic. In
recent years, combustion incidents in new energy vehicles are not uncommon. The
service life of power batteries in new energy vehicles is only 3-5 years. At the
same time, in extreme environments, the attenuation of power battery energy
density is a non-linear change. These doubts have to some extent discouraged
consumers from purchasing new energy vehicles.
A third party has conducted a survey and found that more than 90% of
ordinary consumers travel within 80 kilometers on average every day. So do new
energy vehicles as means of transportation must pursue high energy density? In
addition, the longer the driving range, the higher the price. Comprehensive
cost-effectiveness and rational selection of appropriate driving range will
become mainstream concepts.
Therefore, it is biased to only use battery energy density as the only
indicator. Other factors such as safety, lifespan, and economy are equally
important. This is also an aspect that battery companies must focus on in future
research and development.
Let’s take a look at the capacity expansion wave of power batteries.
Entering 2017, the momentum is strong. Those investing in capacity expansion
include: BYD 6GWh, CATL 10GWh, Microvast 11GWh, Mengshi Technology 6GWh, Guoxuan
Hi-Tech 4GWh, Xinwangda 6GWh, Tianjin New power source 10GWh, etc. According to
incomplete statistics, since 2017 alone, the number of lithium battery companies
has expanded production to nearly 20, with the total expansion exceeding
64.2GWh.
This wave of production capacity expansion is driven by companies reducing
production costs through economies of scale on the one hand, and on the other
hand, it is also affected by the country’s guidance on battery production
capacity thresholds. Although the 8GWh production capacity threshold stipulated
in the "Automotive Power Battery Industry Standard Conditions (2017) (Draft for
Comments)" issued at the end of 2016 has not yet been implemented, its guiding
role for battery companies is self-evident.
From the perspective of the industry, signs of excess battery production
capacity have begun to appear, but this excess refers to low-end production
capacity, while high-end production capacity is actually insufficient.
Therefore, from a long-term development perspective, power battery companies
still have huge room for expansion.
The development of the battery industry should take into account both speed
and quality. The expansion of speed and scale should be based on the actual
needs of industry development, rational judgment of the market, and innovative
development of material technology, rather than blindly following the trend of
enterprises. At the same time, it should also be noted that as the energy
storage market gradually picks up steam, batteries will also have the
opportunity to flex their muscles in the field of energy storage. There is no
technical difficulty in converting power batteries to batteries for energy
storage.
At present, for the majority of battery companies, the most important thing
is to take the market, demand, and technology as the entry point to ensure that
batteries are of high quality, appropriate scale, and innovation-driven to
create irreplaceable market competitiveness.
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