AG3 battery.Research on solid-state electrode-electrolyte technology to improve compatibility of solid-state lithium-ion batteries

　　Recently, the team of Gary M. Koenig Jr (corresponding author) of the University of Virginia studied and characterized solid-state electrodes for high-voltage active cathode material LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) and electrolyte Li1+xAlxGe2-x (PO4)3 (LAGP) - Electrolytes.

　　【introduction】

　　Lithium-ion batteries rely primarily on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to work. During the charge and discharge process, Li+ intercalates and deintercalates back and forth between the two electrodes: during charging, Li+ is deintercalated from the positive electrode and embedded in the negative electrode through the electrolyte, and the negative electrode is in a lithium-rich state; during discharge, the opposite is true. The high energy density and long cycle life of lithium-ion batteries make them advantageous in providing energy storage in portable electronic devices. Compared with flammable liquid organic electrolytes, all-solid lithium-ion electrolytes have relatively high safety. However, a major challenge in solid electrolyte batteries is the formation of a stable ion-conducting interface between the electrolyte and active material.

　　【Achievements Introduction】

　　Recently, the team of Gary M. Koenig Jr (corresponding author) at the University of Virginia studied and characterized solid-state electrode-electrolytes for high-voltage active cathode materials LiMn1.5Ni0.5O4 (LMNO) and electrolyte Li1+xAlxGe2-x (PO4)3 (LAGP). During the temperature increase, in-situ X-ray diffraction measurements were performed on pressed tablets composed of a mixture of LMNO and LAGP to determine the product material formed at the LMNO and LAGP interface and the temperature at which it formed. It was found that above 600°C, a material consistent with LiMnPO4 was formed. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry were used to image the morphology and elemental composition of the product material at the interface, and the LMNO-coated LAGP electrolyte particle half-cell was electrochemically characterized. Although the voltage of Li/LAGP/LMNO cells is high, the thickness of the interface phase is large, resulting in high electrochemical resistance. The relevant results were published in the Journal of the American Ceramic Society under the title "Hightemperatureelectrode-electrolyteinterfaceformationbetweenLiMn1.5Ni0.5O4andLi.4Al0.4Ge1.6(PO4)3".

　　In situ XRD scans of LAGP and LMNO powder mixtures at room temperature and after heating to 450°C, 600°C, 700°C and 800°C

　　(A-C) SEM micrographs of the LAGP/LMNO interface after firing in air at (A) 700°C for 1 hour, (B) 750°C for 1 hour, and (C) 800°C for 5 hours.

　　Figure 3 Interface between LAGP particles and deposited LMNO powder

　　(A) Secondary electron micrograph

　　(B) EDS pattern in orange labeled with manganese

　　(C) EDS pattern of yellow labeled with nickel

　　(D) EDS image of green labeled with germanium

　　(E,F) Composite EDS images containing (E) manganese and phosphorus and (F) manganese, phosphorus and germanium

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