Color ring resistance
Color ring resistors are the most commonly used electronic components in
electronic circuits. Color ring resistors are color rings of different colors
painted on ordinary resistor packages to distinguish the resistance value of the
resistor. Ensure that when installing the resistor, its resistance value can be
clearly read no matter which direction it is installed. The basic units of color
ring resistance are: ohm (Ω), kiloohm (KΩ), and megaohm (MΩ). 1 megaohm (MΩ) =
1,000 kiloohms (KΩ) = 1,000,000 ohms (Ω).
The commonly used color ring resistors can be divided into four rings and
five rings, and four rings are usually used. Among them, the first two rings of
the four-ring resistor are numbers, the third ring represents the number of
resistance multiplication, and the last ring is the error; the first three rings
of the five-ring resistor are numbers, the fourth ring represents the number of
resistance multiplication, and the last ring is the error. The error is usually
in three colors: gold, silver and brown. The error for gold is 5%, the error for
silver is 10%, the error for brown is 1%, and the error for colorless is 20%. In
addition, occasionally there are errors written in green. , the green error is
0.5%. Precision resistors are usually used in special applications, aerospace
and other fields.
Color ring resistors are divided into five rings and four rings. Those with
four colors are four-ring resistors, and those with five colors marked on the
resistor body are five-ring resistors. Let’s take a look at the table to
understand the five-ring resistors. Everyone must This table must be memorized.
The resistors below will be read strictly according to this table. This table
must be memorized.
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After mastering the above table, now let's let you know how to read the
five-ring resistor. First, we need to know which is the first digit. Look at the
picture below. There are five colors, so it is a five-ring resistor. We need to
Read according to the five-ring table, and then we need to know which is the
first color ring. Let’s see what the difference is. The four colors on one side
are closer to each other, and the other color ring is farther away, so we start
from the left Go to the right and you will know that the first color ring is
yellow, followed by purple, black, orange, and brown.
So the yellow in the first ring is 4, the purple in the second ring is 7,
the black in the third ring is 0, the fourth ring is the product of 10 raised to
the third power, which is 1000, and the error in the fifth ring is brown, which
is ±1 %, now let’s calculate the resistance value: 470*1000=470K, and the error
is +1%, so the resistance value range is between 465.3K and 474.7K, and the
resistance values are normal.
The following is the color code and reading method of the four-ring
resistor table.
After mastering the above table, let us now let you know how to read the
four-ring resistor. After understanding the operation of the five-ring, the
operation of the four-ring is relatively simple. First of all, the difference
between the four-ring and the five-ring is that there are less One link is just
valid mathematics. The other readings are similar. Just follow the table above.
We know that the first color is red, followed by red, black, and orange.
So the red in the first ring is 2, the red in the second ring is 2, the
black in the third ring is the product of 10 raised to the power 0, which is 1,
and the error in the fifth ring is gold, which is ±5%. Now let’s calculate it.
What is the resistance value? 22*1=22 ohms, and the error is ±5%, so the
resistance value range is between 20.9R23.1R, and the resistance values are
normal.
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Four color ring resistor
A four-color ring resistor refers to a resistor whose resistance value is
represented by four color rings, counting from left to right, as shown in the
figure. The third color ring resistance identification color ring represents the
largest digit of the resistance value; the second color ring represents the
second digit of the resistance value; the third color ring represents the number
of multiplication of the resistance value; the fourth color ring represents
Allowable deviation (accuracy) of resistance value.
For example, the first ring of a resistor is red (representing 2), the
second ring is purple (representing 7), the third ring is brown (representing 10
times), and the fourth ring is gold (representing ±5%), then this The resistance
of the resistor should be 270Ω, and the error range of the resistance is
±5%.
Five color ring resistor
The five-color ring resistor refers to a resistor that uses five color
rings to represent the resistance value, counting from left to right, as shown
in the figure. The first color ring represents the largest digit of the
resistance value; the second color ring represents the second digit of the
resistance value; the third color ring represents the third digit of the
resistance value; the fourth color ring represents the resistance value.
multiplier; the fifth color ring represents the error range.
For example, take a five-color ring resistor. The first ring is red
(representing 2), the second ring is red (representing 2), the third ring is
black (representing 0), the fourth ring is black (representing 1 times), and the
fifth ring is black (representing 1 times). If the ring is brown (representing
±1%), its resistance value is 220Ω&TImes;1=220Ω, and the error range is
±1%.
Six-color ring resistor Six-color ring resistor refers to a resistor that
uses a six-color ring to represent the resistance value. As shown in the figure,
the first five color rings of a six-color ring resistor are expressed in the
same way as the five-color ring resistance. The sixth color ring represents the
temperature coefficient of the resistor. .
What is the difference between the fifth ring and the fourth ring?
A fixed-value resistor is a resistor with a constant resistance value. A
fixed-value resistor is also referred to as a resistor. We know that the
conductor resistance is related to the conductor's length, cross-sectional area,
and material (that is, resistivity: ρ=RS/L, which is related to
temperature).
For a fixed-value resistor, obviously, its length and cross-sectional area
are constant. When making a fixed-value resistor, in order to ensure that the
resistance remains approximately constant under temperature changes, materials
whose resistivity has almost nothing to do with temperature are generally used
as conductors (winding the fixed-value resistor). That is to say, the resistance
of the material has almost nothing to do with temperature changes), and some
alloy materials are generally used.
Common models
The so-called fixed value resistor refers to a resistor with a certain
resistance value. It is a component commonly used in electronic instruments.
There are many types of fixed-value resistors, and with the development of
science and technology, new types of resistors continue to appear. Here we only
introduce a few common and commonly used fixed-value resistors.
Fixed value resistors are marked with codes. The sign code of a resistor
usually consists of four parts: model, nominal resistance, rated power,
resistance error level or allowable error.
The resistor models are as follows:
What is the function of fixed value resistor?
1. Amplification (or protection) effect.
1. Electric meter modification: A resistor connected in series with the
meter head or a low-range ammeter can be converted into a voltmeter. The
fixed-value resistor shares the excess voltage, amplifies the range of the
electric meter, and at the same time protects the electric meter.
2. The electric meter is being modified: the meter head or a low-range
voltmeter can be converted into an ammeter by connecting a resistor in parallel.
The fixed-value resistor shares the excess current, amplifies the range of the
meter, and protects the meter head.
3. The fixed-value resistor is connected in series with the measurement
object.
2. Equivalent to ammeter.
1. Act as an ammeter: A fixed-value resistor is connected in parallel with
a voltmeter and can be used as an ammeter.
In addition, if a circuit is used to measure the electromotive force and
internal resistance of the power supply, the main circuit current can be
obtained by dividing the voltmeter indication in the figure by the resistance
value of the resistor box, which is equivalent to an ammeter.
2. A voltmeter with known internal resistance is equivalent to an
ammeter.
3. The voltmeter can be used in combination with a fixed-value resistor to
measure current.
3. Equivalent to voltmeter
1. Act as a voltmeter: If a fixed-value resistor is connected in series
with an ammeter, it can be used as a voltmeter, similar to the modification of a
voltmeter. But there are different situations.
2. An ammeter with known internal resistance is equivalent to a
voltmeter.
The resistor with five color rings is called a precision resistor. The
difference between it and a resistor with four color rings is that the first
three rings of the five color rings represent significant digits, and the fourth
ring is the number of O's added after the first three rings. In addition, the
color of the fifth ring of the resistor representing the error of the five-ring
resistor is several more colors than the color of the error ring of the
four-ring resistor, that is, brown: ±1%, red: ±2%, green: ±0.5%, Blue: ±0.25%,
Purple: ±0.1%, Gold: ±5%, Silver: ±10%. For example: the colors of a certain
five-ring resistor are red, purple, brown, red, and brown respectively, then the
resistance value of this resistor is 27100Ω=27.1kΩ. The error is ±1%.
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