aaa alkaline battery.Function of electronic components on circuit board

　　What the questioner is talking about is the electronic components on the circuit board. There is an essential difference between components and devices. The components are resistors, capacitors, and inductors. Their internal molecular structure does not change during production, that is, their performance only depends on Material. Devices generally refer to various semiconductors, such as diodes, triodes, etc., and their molecular structures must be changed during production. For example, when a triode is produced, the majority carrier concentration in the emitter region must be greater than that in the base region. This changes the molecular structure, so it is a device. Let's talk about the functions of several components according to the meaning of the question.

　　1. The role of resistance

　　Resistors are widely used in circuits, and they have several functions, such as shunting, voltage dividing, current limiting, etc. Resistors are connected in parallel to divide the current and in series to divide the voltage. As for current limiting, the light-emitting diodes we use usually have a resistor in series. The function of this resistor is to limit the current to prevent excessive current from burning out the light-emitting diodes, as shown below.

　　2. The role of capacitor

　　Capacitors have many functions, including filtering, bypassing, coupling, energy storage, etc. What we often see and use on circuit boards is the filtering function. Capacitor filtering is used in power supply circuits. No matter what the function is, the capacitor uses the characteristics of blocking direct traffic and passing high resistance with low resistance. The picture below is a power supply circuit using capacitor filtering.

　　3. The role of inductance

　　Inductors are not used as much in circuits as resistors and capacitors. Their main functions include filtering, oscillation, delay, notch, etc. No matter what the function is, they all use the characteristics of inductors to connect direct and isolated circuits, and have low resistance and high resistance, which is the opposite of capacitors. . The picture below is an LC filter circuit composed of inductors and capacitors.

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