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　　Four technical routes for China’s electric vehicle charging stations

　　Regarding the development standards of the electric vehicle charging station industry, the National Energy Administration and the National Standards Committee have established a working group on charging facilities, with the National Energy Administration taking the lead in carrying out the work. As of 2011, the standard system has been completed, and relevant companies, expert researchers 162 standards have been formed.

　　At present, the construction of charging stations in our country is not yet mature. Electric vehicle manufacturers adopt their own charging interfaces and standards, which in turn makes charging station construction units-charging station operators build charging stations with non-uniform standards in various places. For example, the 7-hole charging interface of Beijing Aerospace Bridge Electric Vehicle Charging Station, the 3-hole charging interface of Shanxi Taiyuan Yingxi Power Supply Branch, etc. The lack of standards has become one of the important factors affecting the development of electric vehicles. Based on this, in December 2011, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology released four national standards for electric vehicle charging interfaces: "Connecting Devices for Conductive Charging of Electric Vehicles Part 1: General Requirements", "Connecting Devices for Conductive Charging of Electric Vehicles Part 2: AC Charging Interface" ", "Connection device for conductive charging of electric vehicles Part 3: DC charging interface", "Communication protocol between off-board conductive charger and battery management system of electric vehicles". The four standards were approved and released in December 2011 as the National Standard Announcement of the People's Republic of China 2011 No. 21 and will be implemented on March 1, 2012.

　　According to the investment and charging and swapping models, combined with the matching with the new energy vehicle development route, my country's automobile charging and swapping industry can be classified into four technical routes.

　　High-cost fast charging route

　　The high-cost fast charging technology route was proposed by my country's Science and Technology Bureau in the early days. The representative automobile manufacturer that adapts to this route is BYD (BYDe6 pioneer). Currently, there are 100 e6 taxis in Shenzhen, equipped with 4 professional charging stations for service. , the construction cost of each charging station exceeds 10 million yuan. This electric vehicle can be summarized as a large motor, small battery, high voltage, and high speed, that is, a low-power battery drives a high-power motor (75kw), the system voltage is 280V to more than 300V, the vehicle has strong driving force, and the maximum speed can reach 160 kilometers per hour. /Hour. The charging station is high-voltage, high-current, and fast. 380V charging can fully charge 80% of the battery in 10 minutes, and can last 250-300 kilometers. Although this technology is the mainstream route for the early development of new energy vehicles in my country, due to the immaturity of motor technology above 15KW in my country, the core technology is mainly mastered abroad. At the same time, large motors and small batteries require high battery discharge multiples, which require increased thermal management and The battery management and control system increases automobile production costs and is also subject to foreign technology patents. The Tsinghua University electric vehicle project team believes that the long-term development of this route will put my country's new energy vehicles at a disadvantage. It has been questioned by many parties and is therefore not the main direction of my country's future development. However, in the short term, due to the protection of their own interests by traditional automobile manufacturers, It will go through a difficult transformation process.

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