LR6 alkaline battery.Near the positive electrode plate.

　　Supercapacitors are based on the interface double layer theory proposed by German physicist Helmholtz

　　Plant a brand new capacitor. As is well known, the surface of the metal electrode inserted into the electrolyte solution and both sides of the liquid surface will protrude

　　The excess charge with opposite signs causes a potential difference between phases. So, if inserted simultaneously in the electrolyte

　　Insert two electrodes and apply a voltage between them that is less than the decomposition voltage of the electrolyte solution. At this time, the electrolyte

　　Under the action of an electric field, positive and negative ions will quickly move towards the two poles and form on the surfaces of the two electrodes respectively

　　A compact charge layer, also known as a double layer.

　　The double layer formed by it is similar to the polarization charge generated by the dielectric in traditional capacitors under the action of an electric field,

　　As a result, capacitance effect is generated, and the compact double layer is similar to a flat capacitor. However, due to the compact charge layer

　　The spacing is much smaller than the distance between the charge layers of a regular capacitor, thus having a larger capacity than a regular capacitor.

　　Compared with aluminum electrolytic capacitors, double-layer capacitors have a higher internal resistance, so they can be directly used without load resistance

　　Charging, if there is an overvoltage charging situation, the double layer capacitor will open circuit without damaging the device

　　One characteristic is different from the overvoltage breakdown of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Meanwhile, the double-layer capacitor is connected to a rechargeable battery

　　Compared to traditional capacitors, double-layer capacitors can be charged without current limitation, and can be charged more than 10 ^ 6 times. Therefore, double-layer capacitors not only have

　　Having the characteristics of a capacitor, as well as the characteristics of a battery, it is a new type of special element that lies between the battery and the capacitor

　　Devices.

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