Recycling process for lithium iron phosphate batteries after disassembly.CR927 battery

　　The retired lithium iron phosphate batteries that do not have the value of cascading utilization and the batteries after cascading utilization will eventually enter the stage of disassembly and recycling. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are different from ternary materials batteries in that they do not contain heavy metals and are mainly recycled for Li, P, and Fe. The added value of the recycled products is low, and low-cost recycling routes need to be developed. There are mainly two recycling methods: fire method and wet method.

　　1. Fire recovery process

　　The traditional fire recovery method generally involves high-temperature incineration of electrode pieces, which burns the carbon and organic matter in the electrode fragments. The remaining ash that cannot be burned is ultimately screened to obtain fine powder materials containing metals and metal oxides. The process of this method is simple, but the treatment process is long and the comprehensive recovery rate of valuable metals is low.

　　The improved pyrometallurgical recovery technology involves removing organic binders through calcination, separating lithium iron phosphate powder from aluminum foil to obtain lithium iron phosphate material. Then, an appropriate amount of raw material is added to obtain the required molar ratio of lithium, iron, and phosphorus, and a new lithium iron phosphate is synthesized through high-temperature solid-state method. According to cost estimation, the improved pyrometallurgical dry recycling of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries can achieve profitability, but the newly prepared lithium iron phosphate using this recycling process has many impurities and unstable performance.

　　2. Wet recovery process

　　Wet recovery mainly involves dissolving metal ions in lithium iron phosphate batteries through acid-base solutions, and further extracting the dissolved metal ions in the form of oxides, salts, etc. through precipitation, adsorption, etc. During the reaction process, reagents such as H2SO4, NaOH, and H2O2 are mostly used. The wet recovery process is simple, with low equipment requirements, and is suitable for industrial scale production. It is the most studied by scholars and also the mainstream treatment route for waste lithium-ion batteries in China.

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