Multi-scenario application of energy storage technology
The energy storage industry has become a strategic emerging industry, with
a huge market and accommodating diverse cooperation. At present, various
technical routes have their own merits, and various application models emerge in
endlessly. Industry experts believe that the key to energy storage technology is
to be customer-centered, based on the objective needs of actual application
scenarios, design and configure highly suitable energy storage systems, and
fully tap the economic value of energy storage systems in different application
scenarios. What are the advantages of different new technologies in improving
the economics and safety of behind-the-meter energy storage? In the future,
users can make different decisions based on their own needs.
Multi-station integration to meet urban comprehensive energy needs
In March this year, construction of the electrochemical energy storage
power station with the largest domestic capacity began in Nanjing Jiangbei New
District. According to reports, Jiangbei Energy Storage Power Station has a
maximum charge and discharge power of 130,880 kilowatts and a total storage
capacity of 268,600 kilowatt hours. It is the electrochemical energy storage
power station with the largest capacity under construction in China. As the
first urban energy complex in China, it includes a transformer substation. ,
energy storage power stations, electric vehicle charging stations, distributed
photovoltaic power stations and data centers.
As one of the important projects in Jiangsu to build a "smart city",
Jiangbei Energy Storage Power Station will subsequently plan to explore the
construction and operation of a "multi-station-in-one" approach of substation +
energy storage station + photovoltaic charging station + data center to achieve
energy, Data integration and sharing.
"Multi-station integration includes substations, data centers,
comprehensive energy stations, 5G, etc. to achieve energy exchange. The entire
large power grid is also an energy storage system, but it is just a dynamic
energy storage." Director and professor of the Microgrid Office of the Power
Distribution Institute of the Chinese Academy of Electric Power Sciences Senior
engineer Wu Ming told reporters.
It is understood that the energy station technology based on all-in-one
power transformation, energy storage, charging, distributed power supply, data
center, and communication base station will break the bottleneck of the mismatch
between the rapid growth of energy loads and electric vehicles in large cities
and the development of the power grid, and improve The comprehensive efficiency
and benefits of the power grid can improve the absorption capacity of new
energy, improve the reliability of power supply, and meet the comprehensive
requirements of urban construction on energy and environment.
At the same time that the construction of the energy storage station
started, the construction of the 220 kV urban hub substation and the new energy
vehicle charging and swapping station also started. As the main function of a
traditional power station, the substation is compatible with the urban energy
complex, and is also equipped with a new energy vehicle charging and swapping
station. After completion, new energy vehicle users near the power station can
freely enter the park to charge and replace their vehicles.
Wu Ming believes that multi-station integration is an emerging model, in
which many technical details and quality of battery group systems, battery
grid-connected modes, control methods, measurement and control protection, and
energy management systems need to be further optimized and improved. It is
understood that the new concept and model of the urban energy complex is
expected to be gradually extended to central cities across the country. By then,
more wind power, photovoltaics and other clean energy can be stored for the city
to use at any time; every electric vehicle can become a "power bank" for urban
mobility; every electricity user can become a virtual power plant , energy
realizes two-way flow.
Distributed power supply + energy storage to achieve deployment and
optimization of multiple energy sources
As an important aspect of smart city construction, smart energy Internet
has received more and more attention. As a major infrastructure, energy storage
systems will play an "important role" in the construction of smart cities. On
the user side, they include multiple application scenarios such as peak shaving
and valley filling, demand regulation, and the extension of electricity sales to
other fields.
Tang Huanji, technical director of Beijing Enterprises Smart Energy Co.,
Ltd., believes that current energy development faces three main problems. First,
as the proportion of renewable energy power generation increases, the security
and stability of the power grid are threatened; second, the power supply model
is becoming more decentralized. With the development of power supply mode that
is close to the user side, the power supply reliability requirements are higher
and the control strategy is more complex. The third is the demand for rapid
expansion of the power grid brought about by the rapid growth of power load. As
a flexible tool, energy storage has become a supporting technology to solve the
above problems and is a rigid need in the process of energy development.
Microgrid is currently the most important application field of energy
storage. Tang Huanji said that when multiple "distributed power sources + energy
storage" are combined, the deployment and optimization of multiple energy
sources can be achieved, that is, a microgrid. As an indispensable part of
microgrid, energy storage plays a vital role in microgrid. In microgrid
operation, there are two operating modes: grid-connected operation mode and
island operation mode. In the island operation mode of the microgrid, energy
comes from distributed energy sources and energy storage batteries. When the
output of the distributed energy resources is less than the load demand, there
will be a certain power shortage. The way to solve the power shortage is to
equip the microgrid system with Energy storage equipment with a certain
capacity.
"For example, a photovoltaic power station in Jiangsu with a capacity of
8MW has a battery energy storage system of 10MW/40MWh and 10 charging pile
systems. Its operation mode is that the electric energy produced by the entire
system is first supplied to the factory. If there is more than the factory
According to the electricity demand, the excess electricity is transferred to
the large power grid. This project effectively reduces the factory's basic
electricity bill through the intelligent control of the energy management
system, saving the factory 15% of its annual electricity bill." Tang Huanji
said, with At the same time, the project energy management system uses
artificial intelligence algorithms to provide voltage regulation and frequency
regulation services for the power grid.
Lead-carbon batteries have long cycle life and good safety
Energy storage technology is mostly used in areas with rapid economic
development and huge electricity consumption. It is hoped that new peak
regulation methods can alleviate peak and valley electricity demand. Among the
energy storage technologies currently in use, electrochemical energy storage
(battery energy storage) has the advantages of fast response speed and accurate
load control. Its construction is not subject to geographical restrictions, has
a short construction period, relatively low cost, and does not consume fossil
fuels. , does not produce pollution emissions, so it has a relatively wide range
of applications and is more suitable for the current development needs of smart
microgrids. At the same time, battery energy storage can be used throughout all
aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, and use, making the
rigid power system that is balanced in real time more flexible, ultimately
changing the basic form and function of the power system.
Among battery energy storage components, common carriers mainly include
lead-acid batteries, lead-carbon batteries, lithium-ion batteries, flow
batteries, and sodium-sulfur batteries. Different batteries have different
performance characteristics. Zhejiang Nandu Power Supply Co., Ltd., which has a
large scale of domestic energy storage projects in operation, mainly uses
lead-carbon batteries in the field of user-side energy storage. The relevant
person in charge of the company explained that lead-carbon batteries are a type
of battery that will have capacitive characteristics. Or an upgraded version of
lead-acid battery in which highly conductive carbon materials are added to the
negative electrode. "It not only maintains the high energy density of the
battery, but also has the characteristics of high power, fast charge and
discharge, and long cycle life of the supercapacitor. It also has a high cost
advantage and good safety. The company has invested in and constructed the
largest commercialization project in the world. Energy storage power station -
the smart distribution network energy storage power station in Singapore
Industrial Park in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province uses lead-carbon energy storage
technology."
The power station provides energy storage services to the park at the
distribution end, and together with the industrial park, provides comprehensive
energy services to park enterprises. It combines distributed renewable energy
and smart microgrid technology to achieve multi-energy complementarity and
synergy between traditional energy and new energy. supply. The above-mentioned
person in charge added that this project is mainly focused on peak shaving and
valley filling, with functions such as demand-side response, emergency power
supply, and improvement of power quality. It is also the first project in
Jiangsu Province to install electricity meters, and is simultaneously connected
to Jiangsu Province’s power grid. The interactive dispatching platform
participates in the demand-side response of Jiangsu Provincial Network and
creates a new model of "investment + operation".
Wu Xianzhang, chief engineer of Zhejiang Nandu Power Supply Co., Ltd., said
that the company has proposed park-level "incremental distribution network +"
energy storage services based on advanced lead-carbon battery technology and
mature energy storage technology. Utilize the "virtual power plant" advantages
of the energy storage system to achieve precise management and intelligent
operation of power consumption in the park, and optimize electricity bill
management on the distribution network side of the park. At the same time, it
adjusts the peak load balance of the park, provides smart energy-saving
electricity and emergency power supply, and realizes power demand-side
response.
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