Why are ternary 18650 battery 3.7v 1800mah favored by Tesla? What is the
development direction of battery technology in the future?
Lithium iron phosphate battery is a type of lithium battery. Currently,
some electric vehicle manufacturers such as BYD e6, BAIC ev160, and Denza use it
as the power source of their vehicles. The thermal stability of lithium iron
phosphate batteries is the best among current automotive 18650 battery 3.7v
1800mah. When the battery temperature is at a high temperature of 500-600°C, its
internal chemical components begin to decompose, while lithium cobalt oxide
batteries, which are also 18650 battery 3.7v 1800mah, have a temperature of
180-250°C. At ℃, the internal chemical composition is already in an unstable
state. In other words, the safety of lithium iron phosphate batteries is second
to none among 18650 battery 3.7v 1800mah, and for this reason, it has become one
of the main categories of electric vehicle batteries.
Why are ternary 18650 battery 3.7v 1800mah favored by Tesla?
[Dry information] A brief analysis of new energy vehicle batteries and an
overview of future technologies
The weight energy density of the ternary lithium battery used in Tesla
MODELS is about 200Wh/kg, while the energy density of the lithium iron phosphate
battery is about 150Wh/kg, which means that the ternary lithium battery of the
same weight has a higher energy density than the lithium iron phosphate battery.
Longer cruising range. However, when the temperature of the ternary lithium
battery itself is 250-350°C, its internal chemical components begin to
decompose, thus placing higher requirements on the battery management system.
Taking the Tesla MODELS model as an example, the vehicle is equipped with more
than 7,000 18650 ternary 18650 battery 3.7v 1800mah. The battery management
system must monitor the usage status of each battery, which undoubtedly
increases the difficulty of controlling the battery management system.
Fuel cells are the most ideal energy source for future cars
[Dry information] A brief analysis of new energy vehicle batteries and an
overview of future technologies
A fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy into
electrical energy, not what is commonly known as a battery. Its energy source
mainly relies on the continuous supply of fuel and oxidant. It has high energy
conversion efficiency, no pollution, long life and stable operation. It is
recognized by the industry as the best energy source for future automobiles.
As far as today's market is concerned, fuel cell vehicles are not far away
from us. At the end of last year, Toyota Motor Company officially launched the
hydrogen fuel cell vehicle MIRAI (Future) in Japan. Its cruising range can reach
about 700km and it only emits water during driving. The working principle of
MIRAI is: the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank reacts with the oxygen
inhaled by the front of the vehicle in the fuel cell, and the generated
electrical energy drives the motor to drive the vehicle, and the remaining
electrical energy generated by the reaction is stored in the energy storage
battery. The two gas storage tanks located at the rear of the car body can store
up to 5 kilograms of hydrogen fuel. Under normal circumstances, hydrogen fuel
replenishment can be completed in 3 minutes.
Prospects for new battery technologies: physical batteries
Physical batteries are a general term for batteries that rely on physical
changes to provide and store electrical energy. For example, supercapacitors
that are fully charged instantly and flywheel batteries with specific power of
5000-10000W/kg are all members of the physical battery family.
1. Supercapacitor
Supercapacitor is a power component between traditional capacitors and
batteries. Its power density is as high as 300-500W/kg, which is 5-10 times that
of ordinary batteries. It mainly relies on an electric double layer and a redox
pseudocapacitor charge to store electrical energy without any chemical reaction,
so it is classified as a physical battery. Compared with chemical batteries,
supercapacitors have three obvious advantages:
① It can be charged and discharged repeatedly up to 100,000 times
(traditional chemical batteries only have hundreds to thousands of times), and
its lifespan is much longer than that of chemical batteries;
②Supercapacitors have extremely high power density when charging and
discharging, and can release a large amount of electric energy instantly, which
can meet the wider power needs of vehicles;
③ Better adaptability to the working environment. Usually, it can work
stably and normally when the outdoor temperature is -40℃~65℃ (traditional
batteries are generally -20℃~60℃).
2. Flywheel battery
[Dry information] A brief analysis of new energy vehicle batteries and an
overview of future technologies
Flywheel battery is a new concept battery proposed in the 1990s. It uses a
principle similar to that of generating energy when a flywheel rotates to
achieve charging and discharging. The famous Porsche 911 GT3 hybrid racing car
and the Porsche 918 Spyder, which is rated as one of the four great cars today,
are equipped with flywheel batteries at the two front wheels. The flywheel
technology converts the kinetic energy collected by braking into electrical
energy and stores the energy in a In the flywheel. During acceleration, this
energy is transferred to the front wheels, improving acceleration while reducing
fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine.
Due to the limitations of technology and material prices, the price of
flywheel batteries is relatively high, and its advantages cannot be reflected in
small occasions. However, flywheel batteries have been gradually used in space,
large-scale transportation, and special applications where large-scale energy
storage devices are needed.
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