cr2032 3v lithium battery

What powerful technologies do we have for studying thermal runaway of cr2032 3v lithium battery?

For cr2032 3v lithium battery, thermal runaway is the most serious safety accident. Thermal runaway of cr2032 3v lithium battery is caused by the fact that the heat generation rate is much higher than the heat dissipation rate. A large amount of heat accumulates inside the lithium-ion battery, causing the temperature of the lithium-ion battery to rise rapidly, resulting in spontaneous exothermic reactions such as shrinkage and melting of the diaphragm, decomposition of positive and negative active materials, and causing cr2032 3v lithium battery to catch fire and explode. Avoiding thermal runaway is the ultimate goal pursued by countless lithium-ion battery designers. However, to achieve this goal, we first need to have a clear and comprehensive understanding of the reaction process of thermal runaway of cr2032 3v lithium battery. However, the sealing structure of cr2032 3v lithium battery is the first barrier to our obstruction. The fully sealed structural design makes it very difficult to observe the internal reactions of cr2032 3v lithium battery. Secondly, the high temperature in thermal runaway is the second barrier to our obstruction. The high temperature of thousands of degrees will burn all the evidence that may remain. Finally, the high speed of thermal runaway is the third barrier to our obstruction. The time for lithium ions to explode in thermal runaway is often less than 0.01s, which makes it particularly difficult to track the reaction process. The first checkpoint: Sealing Let's first look at the first checkpoint. cr2032 3v lithium battery generally use square or cylindrical hard shell sealing structures or soft package sealing structures. The common feature is that it is difficult for external detection equipment to enter the interior of cr2032 3v lithium battery. Therefore, in order to track the internal reactions of cr2032 3v lithium battery during thermal runaway, this problem must be solved first. There are two ideas to solve this problem: 1. Internal implantation. We can place thermocouples inside cr2032 3v lithium battery to track the internal temperature changes of cr2032 3v lithium battery during thermal runaway in real time. We can also track and analyze the temperature and pressure changes of cr2032 3v lithium battery during thermal runaway by placing FBG fiber detectors inside cr2032 3v lithium battery. This is also the most widely used method. 2. Perspective technology. Although the sealed structure of cr2032 3v lithium battery can block visible light, it cannot block high-energy ray technology. Therefore, using high-energy rays and particles to track the behavior of cr2032 3v lithium battery in thermal runaway is also a very effective method. For example, we have previously introduced that Donal P. Finegan and others from City College of London used high-speed X-ray photography to comprehensively track the internal reaction process of cr2032 3v lithium battery in thermal runaway, revealing the working principle of the explosion-proof valve of 18650 batteries in the thermal runaway process. Neutrons are uncharged, so they have very strong penetration ability. In recent years, they have also been widely used in the study of the internal reaction mechanism of cr2032 3v lithium battery. For example, engineers from Bosch in Germany used neutron diffraction technology to track and study the process of electrolyte infiltration in cr2032 3v lithium battery. Through neutron diffraction technology, we "directly see" the infiltration process of electrolyte in lithium-ion battery cells. Therefore, neutron diffraction technology is also very potential for application in the study of thermal runaway processes of cr2032 3v lithium battery. The second barrier: When a high-temperature lithium-ion battery is in thermal runaway, the chemical energy stored in the lithium-ion battery is released in large quantities in a short period of time, and the heat generation rate is much higher than the heat dissipation rate of the lithium-ion battery, which causes the temperature of the lithium-ion battery to rise rapidly in a short period of time. Studies have shown that the temperature of cr2032 3v lithium battery in thermal runaway can reach more than 1000°C, which will even melt the copper foil inside the lithium-ion battery (the melting point of Cu is 1085°C). The extreme high temperature will burn all possible evidence, so it is difficult for us to infer the cause of thermal runaway from the remains of the lithium-ion battery after thermal runaway. Extreme cooling can effectively solve this problem. For example, we have previously reported that Professor Ouyang Minggao of Tsinghua University put the battery in thermal runaway into liquid nitrogen to quickly cool the lithium-ion battery, thereby fixing the evidence of the "first crime scene". This also helped Professor Ouyang discover that even if the diaphragm did not melt and shrink, the lithium-ion battery could still cause thermal runaway of the lithium-ion battery through the "shuttle" of O2 between the positive and negative electrodes, which also opened a new door for the study of thermal runaway. The third level: high speed cr2032 3v lithium battery react very quickly in thermal runaway, especially when explosion occurs in thermal runaway, the reaction time is often less than 0.01s, which also leads to inaccurate observations due to insufficient time accuracy in most methods. In order to solve this problem, X-ray high-speed photography technology has made a grand appearance. In order to study the reaction process inside cr2032 3v lithium battery in acupuncture experiments, Donal P. Finegan and others used X-ray high-speed photography technology with a frame rate of 2000fps (resolution 10um) and 5130fps (resolution 20um). At such a high frame rate, we can basically see the entire reaction process of thermal runaway, but even with such a high frame rate, it is still difficult to capture the reaction process of cr2032 3v lithium battery at the moment of explosion (time is often less than 0.01s), which requires synchrotron radiation technology to appear. The intensity of synchrotron radiation light source is much higher than that of ordinary X-rays, so it can achieve a shorter exposure time. The European Synchrotron Radiation Center uses synchrotron radiation light source to achieve an astonishing exposure frame rate of millions of frames per second, thereby realizing the observation of glass breaking, arcing and other processes. With the help of synchrotron radiation technology, Donal P. Finegan successfully observed the explosion of the 18650 battery. The X-ray shooting speed reached 20,272 frames per second, and successfully observed how the explosion-proof valve of the 18650 battery worked during the explosion. Thermal runaway of cr2032 3v lithium battery seriously threatens the life and property safety of users, so the study of the mechanism of thermal runaway is particularly important. In the past, due to the limitations of experimental conditions, we could only indirectly infer some reactions inside the lithium-ion battery through the changes in the shell temperature and battery voltage. Technological advances not only allow us to detect the changes in temperature and pressure inside cr2032 3v lithium battery in real time, but the support of high-speed photography technology also allows us to intuitively observe the high-speed reaction process inside cr2032 3v lithium battery during thermal runaway. This is of great significance for our understanding of the reaction mechanism of cr2032 3v lithium battery, and also provides guidance for the design of safer cr2032 3v lithium battery.

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