Data shows that the production and sales of new energy vehicles in 2018
were 1.27 million and 1.256 million respectively. Among them, the production and
sales of pure electric vehicles were 986,000 and 984,000 respectively; the
production and sales of plug-in hybrid vehicles were 283,000 and 271,000
respectively; the production and sales of fuel cell vehicles were 1,527.
Fuel cell vehicles seem a bit unfamiliar to us. However, starting in 2018,
the hydrogen energy and hydrogen fuel cell industries began to receive market
attention.
Industry experts in my country generally believe that hydrogen fuel cell
vehicles and pure electric vehicles using lithium batteries are important
technical routes for new energy vehicles. From the perspective of technical
characteristics and development trends, pure electric vehicles are more suitable
for urban, short-distance, and passenger vehicles. and other fields, while
hydrogen fuel cell vehicles may be more suitable for long-distance, large-scale,
commercial vehicles and other fields.
Recently, the fuel cell concept has been relatively active in the A-share
market, with individual stocks such as Zhongtong Bus, Great Wall Electric,
Hongda Industrial, Vision Group, Snowman, Dayang Electric, and Huachang Chemical
rising collectively. It is understood that this has something to do with the
fact that new scientific research results have triggered the market's
imagination of accelerating the application of hydrogen fuel cell technology.
Recently, the University of Science and Technology of China announced that it
has developed a new catalyst that can relieve the carbon monoxide "poisoning
shock" crisis of hydrogen fuel cells, extend battery life, broaden the
temperature limit of battery use, and ensure that it can start normally in the
cold winter.
"Hydrogen fuel cells currently have many breakthrough innovations and
patents, and have the advantages of less air pollution and relatively mature
technology. However, the high cost has restricted its development process." Xu
Haidong, assistant secretary-general of the China Automobile Association, said,
"Once The cost problem has been effectively solved, and hydrogen fuel cell
technology will become an important support for the development of the new
energy vehicle industry in the future."
In the field of hydrogen energy applications, automobile giants such as
Japan and South Korea were involved earlier. In February 2013, the world's first
mass-produced hydrogen fuel cell vehicle, the Hyundai ix35FCV, officially rolled
off the production line. Now NEXO is also ready to go; Honda Clarity, Toyota
Mirai and other concept cars have also been mass-produced. In the future, South
Korea plans to increase the annual production capacity of hydrogen fuel cell
passenger cars to 100,000 units by 2025; Japan predicts that the global fuel
cell market will increase 28 times by 2030 compared with 2017.
Compared with pure electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have the
characteristics of “short hydrogen charging time and long battery life”. It is
understood that the Honda Clarity concept car only takes 3 minutes to refill
with hydrogen fuel and can achieve a maximum cruising range of 750 kilometers.
Therefore, the hydrogen energy vehicle industry is attracting more and more car
companies. In June last year, South Korea's Hyundai signed a contract with Audi
to collaborate in the research and development of hydrogen energy technology,
hoping to develop the hydrogen energy vehicle industry chain. In addition, GM
has established relevant cooperation with Honda, BMW and Toyota.
Focusing on the domestic market, my country has long formed a hydrogen
energy fuel cell R&D institution with university research institutes as the
main body, and has laid a certain foundation for automotive applications. In the
field of passenger cars, SAIC has launched the Roewe 950 plug-in hybrid fuel
vehicle. Great Wall Motors has also previously acquired a 51% stake in Shanghai
Fuel Cell Vehicle Power System Co., Ltd. and plans to launch the first hydrogen
fuel cell vehicle in 2022. ; In the field of commercial vehicles, Yutong and
Foton's hydrogen fuel cell buses have been put into practical use, and China
National Heavy Duty Truck has also developed three hydrogen energy fuel
models.
At present, the state has given strong support to hydrogen energy fuel
vehicles at the policy level. In February 2018, the "Notice on Adjusting and
Improving Fiscal Subsidy Policies for the Promotion and Application of New
Energy Vehicles" jointly issued by the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of
Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and
the National Development and Reform Commission stipulated that the subsidy
standards for fuel cell vehicles will remain unchanged, and the amount of local
bicycle subsidies will not change. Exceeding 100% of the national bicycle
subsidy amount.
In the long term, “with the mass manufacturing of fuel cell auxiliary
systems and the realization of mass production of key components including air
compressors and humidifiers, the cost of fuel cell systems can be significantly
reduced. Eventually, the cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be reduced to
that of traditional The level of the car." A person in charge of a car company
said.
However, the development of hydrogen energy vehicles still faces many
problems, such as the difficulty of storing hydrogen energy and the construction
of hydrogen refueling stations. Data show that as of the end of 2017, there were
328 hydrogen refueling stations in operation around the world, including 12 in
China. However, these hydrogen refueling stations mainly provide refueling
services for R&D and demonstration vehicles and cannot be effectively
popularized.
In response to the above problems, in 2018, my country proposed to
systematically promote the industrialization of fuel cell vehicles and at the
same time accelerate the development of on-board hydrogen storage system
technology. By 2020, mass production and large-scale demonstration applications
of fuel cell vehicles will be achieved. Industry insiders said that hydrogen
energy application is an important development direction and may change the
existing energy pattern in the future. Ouyang Minggao, academician of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences and executive vice chairman of the China Electric
Vehicles Association of 100, even gave a specific time node, "In 2025, fuel cell
technology will mature, and the cumulative number of promoted cars will reach
50,000 to 100,000."
By then, as infrastructure gradually improves and technology continues to
improve, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles with the advantages of high efficiency, low
pollution, and long battery life will develop rapidly and eventually become an
indispensable part of the new energy vehicle industry.
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