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Research progress in recycling metals from waste 402030 battery

Research progress in recycling metals from waste lithium-ion batteries

Power and environment are two major issues that humans will face in the 21st century. In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used due to their light weight, small size, small self-discharge, no recall effect, wide operating temperature range, fast charging and discharging, long service life, and environmental protection. Whittingham first used the li-tis system to manufacture the first lithium-ion battery and commercialized it in 1990. It has been more than 40 years since then, and great progress has been made. According to statistics, from January to October 2017, my country produced a total of 8.99 billion lithium-ion batteries, a cumulative increase of 34.6%. Internationally, the application of lithium-ion batteries in the field of aerospace power has entered the engineering application stage. Some companies and special departments around the world have conducted research and development on the application of lithium-ion batteries in the field of special aerospace, such as the National Special Space Administration of the United States, the American Eagle Picher Battery Company, the French SAFT Company, and the Japanese JAXA Company.

With the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries, the number of waste batteries is also increasing. It is estimated that by around 2020, the cumulative scrap volume of power 402030 battery for pure electric (including plug-in) passenger cars and hybrid passenger cars in my country will be between 120,000 and 170,000 tons. Although lithium-ion batteries are called green batteries and do not contain harmful elements such as mercury and lead, their positive electrode data and electrolyte solutions will cause great pollution to the environment and waste resources. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to summarize the current status of waste lithium-ion battery recycling technology at home and abroad, and on this basis summarize the development direction of waste lithium-ion battery recycling technology.

Important components of lithium-ion batteries

The important components of lithium-ion batteries are shells, electrolytes, positive electrode data, negative electrode data, adhesives, copper foil and aluminum foil. During this period, the mass fractions of Co, Li, and Ni were 5%~15%, 2%~7%, and 0.5%~2%, respectively, as well as metal elements such as Al, Cu, and Fe. In terms of the proportion of the main component values, the positive and negative electrode data accounted for about 33% and 10%, respectively, and the electrolyte and diaphragm separation accounted for about 12% and 30%. The first metals recovered from waste lithium-ion batteries are Co and Li, which are mainly assembled on the cobalt-lithium film on the anode data. In particular, due to the relative shortage of cobalt resources in my country, the development and application of cobalt is relatively difficult. However, the mass fraction of cobalt in lithium-ion batteries is about 15%, which is 850 times that of cobalt ore. At present, the positive electrode data of lithium-ion batteries with LiCoO2 is widely used, which contains lithium cobalt oxide, lithium method, organic carbonate carbon data, copper, aluminum and other chemicals.

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