402030 polymer battery.Lithium battery cathode material production processes and methods

　　Lithium battery cathode material production processes and methods. The main materials of lithium-ion batteries include electrolyte, isolation materials, positive and negative electrode materials, etc. The successive introduction of lithium battery-related policies has promoted the establishment of upstream and downstream enterprises in the industry. As the future development direction of batteries, lithium batteries have promising market prospects for cathode materials.

　　Lithium battery cathode material market status

　　As the core of power lithium batteries, cathode materials account for approximately 30~40% of the manufacturing cost of new energy vehicles. Currently, the three types that have been widely used in the market mainly include lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate and ternary materials lithium nickel cobalt manganate and lithium nickel cobalt aluminate. Among them, lithium iron phosphate and lithium manganate materials have little room for technological breakthroughs in basic research, and their energy density and main technical indicators are close to their application limits. From the perspective of technological progress, ternary materials have gradually become the mainstream of power lithium battery cathode materials due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and high reliability.

　　Driven by the rapid development of lithium batteries and its downstream industries, lithium battery cathode materials have grown rapidly. In 2016, global sales of lithium-ion battery cathode materials reached 317,400 tons, a year-on-year increase of 42.1%. The average annual compound growth rate from 2011 to 2016 was 32.17 %. From the perspective of application structure, the lithium battery cathode material market can be subdivided into the small lithium battery cathode material market and the power lithium battery cathode material market. The cathode materials of small lithium batteries mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, ternary materials and lithium manganate, while the cathode materials of power lithium batteries mainly include lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate and ternary materials.

　　Lithium battery cathode material production process

　　The performance of lithium battery cathode materials directly affects the performance of lithium-ion batteries, and its cost also directly determines the cost of the battery. There are many industrial production processes for cathode materials, the synthesis route is relatively complex, and the control of temperature, environment, and impurity content is also relatively strict. There are many industrial production processes for cathode materials, the synthesis routes are relatively complex, and the control of temperature, environment, and impurity content is also relatively strict. The cathode materials mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, and ternary materials.

　　Calcination technology uses a new microwave drying technology to dry lithium battery cathode materials, which solves the problems of conventional lithium battery cathode material drying technology that takes a long time, slows capital turnover, uneven drying, and insufficient drying depth. The specific features are:

　　1. Using microwave drying equipment for lithium battery cathode materials, it is fast and deep drying can be completed in a few minutes, and the final moisture content can reach more than one thousandth;

　　2. Uniform drying and good drying quality of the product;

　　3. Lithium battery cathode materials are highly efficient, energy-saving, safe and environmentally friendly;

　　4. It has no thermal inertia and the instant heating is easy to control. Microwave sintering lithium battery cathode materials have the characteristics of fast heating speed, high energy utilization, high heating efficiency, safety, hygiene and pollution-free. It can improve the uniformity and yield of the product, and improve the microstructure and performance of the sintered material.

　　General preparation methods of lithium battery cathode materials

　　1. Solid phase method

　　Generally, lithium salts such as lithium carbonate and cobalt compounds or nickel compounds are ground and mixed, and then the sintering reaction is carried out. The advantage of this method is that the process flow is simple and the raw materials are easily available. It is a method that has been widely researched, developed and produced in the early stages of the development of lithium batteries, and foreign technology is relatively mature. The disadvantages are that the produced cathode material has limited capacitance, poor mixing uniformity of the raw materials, and poor performance of the prepared materials. The stability is not good and the quality consistency between batches is poor.

　　2. Complex method

　　The complex method uses an organic complex to first prepare a complex precursor containing lithium ions and cobalt or vanadium ions, and then sinters the preparation. The advantages of this method are molecular-scale mixing, good material uniformity and performance stability, and the cathode material has a higher capacitance than the solid-phase method. It has been tested abroad as an industrial method for lithium batteries, but the technology is not yet mature, and there are currently few reports in China. .

　　3. Sol-gel method

　　The method of preparing ultrafine particles developed in the 1970s is used to prepare cathode materials. This method has the advantages of the complex method, and the capacitance of the prepared electrode materials is greatly improved. It is a technology that is developing rapidly at home and abroad. a way. The disadvantage is that the cost is higher and the technology is still in the development stage.

　　4. Ion exchange method

　　LiMnO2 prepared by the ion exchange method has achieved a high reversible discharge capacity of 270mA·h/g. This method has become a new hot spot in research. It has the characteristics of stable electrode performance and high capacitance. However, the process involves energy-consuming and time-consuming steps such as solution recrystallization and evaporation, and there is still a long way to go before practical application.

　　In the field of lithium battery cathode materials, any minor technological innovation is likely to set off a new round of market expansion. Chinese companies should strengthen research and development of key cathode material technologies, gain an international leading position, enhance core competitiveness, and compete in international competitions. Gained the advantage.

　　The structure of lithium battery, the structure of lithium battery is divided into five parts, namely positive electrode, negative electrode, separator, electrolyte and casing.

　　(1) The positive electrode of lithium battery contains active material, conductive agent, solvent, binder, matrix and other substances.

　　(2) The negative electrode of lithium battery contains active materials, binders, solvents, matrix and other substances.

　　(3) Lithium battery separator

　　(4) Lithium battery electrolyte

　　(5) The lithium battery shell includes steel shell, aluminum shell, cover plate, pole tab, insulating tape and other hardware.

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