601525 polymer battery.Researchers discover new cathode material that could allow magnesium batteries to replace lithium-ion batteries

　　According to foreign media reports, modern life is increasingly dependent on electricity, and the constant demand for electricity has also made people's demand for greener and more portable energy increasingly high. Although wind power and solar panels are very promising alternative energy sources, they are highly unreliable as their output is affected by external factors. Therefore, from an energy allocation and economic perspective, high-energy secondary batteries (rechargeable batteries or storage batteries) are the future development direction. Professor Idemoto of Tokyo University of Science led a team of researchers to successfully reverse the chemical reaction of ions by synthesizing a new type of electrode material (metal compound), solving the problem of energy waste and laying the foundation for the production of the next generation of rechargeable magnesium batteries. An important foundation was laid. The researchers are very optimistic about the discovery, saying: "We have synthesized a rock salt that has great potential as a cathode material for next-generation secondary batteries." Batteries are the most popular portable energy source and consist of three basic components – anode, The three parts of the cathode and the electrolyte react chemically with each other. The anode generates additional electrons (oxidation), and the electrons are absorbed by the cathode (reduction), resulting in a redox reaction. Because the electrolyte inhibits the flow of electrons between the anode and cathode, electrons flow preferentially in the external circuit, causing current or "electricity" to flow. A battery is "dead" when the material in the cathode/anode can no longer absorb/shed electrons. However, some materials are able to reverse such chemical reactions, returning the material to its original state, using an external electrical force running in reverse direction, such as rechargeable batteries found in devices such as phones, tablets and electric cars. Professor Idemoto of Tokyo University of Science and colleagues synthesized MgNiO2 material that replaces cobalt, which has the potential to become a new cathode material. Professor Idemoto said: "We are focusing on rechargeable magnesium batteries using multivalent magnesium ions as mobile ions, and it is expected to realize next-generation rechargeable batteries with high energy density." Recently, magnesium batteries have been used because of their low toxicity and easy reversal reaction. There has been considerable interest in utilizing magnesium as an anode material for high energy density rechargeable batteries. However, this is difficult to achieve due to the lack of suitable complementary cathodes and electrolytes. On the basis of standard laboratory techniques, the researchers used the "reverse co-precipitation method" to synthesize this new type of salt, and this new type of rock salt can be extracted from aqueous solution. To study the structure and lattice imaging of the extracted salt, the researchers used neutron and synchrotron X-ray spectroscopy. In other words, they studied the diffraction patterns produced by powder samples exposed to neutron or X-ray irradiation. At the same time, they studied the rock salt. This type of rock salt has the "charge and discharge behavior" required for cathode materials, allowing them to determine the magnesium, nickel and cobalt positive ions based on the most energy-stable structure among the 100 symmetrically different candidate structures generated. Arrangement in rock salt structure. In addition to structural analysis, the researchers also used three-pole batteries and known reference electrodes to conduct charge and discharge tests under various conditions to understand the electrochemical performance of rock salt as a cathode material for magnesium rechargeable batteries. They found that the electrochemical properties of rock salt can be determined based on the composition of magnesium and nickel/ The proportion of cobalt controls the characteristics of the battery. The structural and electrochemical analyzes performed allowed the researchers to demonstrate rock salt's potential as a cathode material and its reliability in different environments. Currently, the secondary battery industry is dominated by lithium-ion batteries, which are used for power storage in automobiles and portable devices. However, such batteries have limited energy density and power storage capabilities. However, Professor Idemoto said that the new secondary magnesium battery has the ability to replace lithium-ion batteries as a high-energy-density secondary battery.

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