Prospects for battery development.Nickel Hydride No. 5 battery

　　Analysis suggests that in the next few years, Japan will lead the United States, Europe, and other countries in intellectual property competition in the field of electric vehicles. However, due to the rapid growth of the electric vehicle industry and the lack of mature solutions for many key technologies, the United States and Europe, relying on their strong basic research advantages, are highly likely to make breakthroughs in certain key technologies and regain competitive advantages. In addition, rising stars in the automotive industry such as South Korea and China are continuously increasing their investment in the research and development of electric vehicles, which can be expected to make the competition landscape for electric vehicles more complex in the future.

　　At present, the research on batteries for pure electric vehicles in Japan mainly focuses on lithium batteries, followed by lead-acid batteries, Nickel–metal hydride battery and sodium batteries. From the total number of patent applications worldwide, Japan has the highest number of patent applications related to pure electric vehicle batteries and their management systems. From the domestic patent application volume in Japan, over 90% of patent applications also come from Japanese applicants. Whether from the perspective of the ownership of world patent applications or the share of Japanese applicants in Japanese patent applications, Japan is the strongest in the field of pure electric vehicle batteries and their management systems, controlling the vast majority of patented technologies.

　　As the largest automobile production and consumption country in the world, the research on batteries for pure electric vehicles in the United States mainly focuses on lithium batteries. The number of patents related to lithium batteries accounts for more than 70% of the number of power battery patents, followed by lead-acid batteries, Nickel–metal hydride battery, air batteries and sodium batteries. From the total number of patent applications worldwide, as of June 2010, the United States ranked second in the number of patent applications related to pure electric vehicle batteries and their management systems after Japan. From the perspective of domestic patent applications in the United States, among patent applications related to pure electric vehicle batteries and their management systems, Japanese applicants have the highest number of patents, accounting for nearly 60% of the total, while the number of patent applications from American applicants is second to Japan.

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