803040 battery.Five major bottlenecks encountered by lithium battery packs need to be overcome

　　The lithium battery pack recycling market is not ideal, and five major bottlenecks need to be overcome. This year can be regarded as the peak period for the recycling and reuse of lithium battery packs. However, the recycling and reuse of lithium batteries has not yet received a perfect solution, resulting in many batteries still wasting a lot of renewable resources. How to safely recycle, environmentally friendly treatment and strengthen the standardized recycling of used power batteries has become a world-class problem.

　　The reuse and resource recycling of lithium battery packs will bring huge economic income to the new energy market. my country's power batteries will usher in a "scrap wave", and the scrap volume will exceed 248,000 tons by 2020. Due to limitations in technology and frequency of use, the lithium-ion batteries used in China's new energy vehicles are designed to have an effective service life of about three years, and they need to be replaced after three years. 2018 is the first year of recycling lithium battery packs for new energy vehicles. my country's new energy vehicle power batteries will enter a large-scale retirement stage.

　　The five major bottlenecks encountered by lithium battery packs need to be overcome:

　　1. The recycling model of lithium battery packs is uncertain

　　Despite a difficult start, the industry is generally optimistic about its prospects. Overall, the current large-scale "retirement wave" of power batteries has not yet arrived, and it is difficult to achieve a large-scale effect in the dismantling and recycling of power batteries.

　　For example, some car companies choose to cooperate with other companies to jointly promote domestic power battery recycling and other related matters. 16 complete vehicle and battery companies, including Changan, BYD, and Yinlong New Energy, have reached cooperation with China Tower Corporation, a major power battery recycling company, to solve problems such as the recycling and reuse of retired power batteries. But the overall recycling model has yet to be determined.

　　2. Absence of the main body of lithium battery pack recycling

　　According to the characteristics of power batteries and following the principle of recycling, my country currently advocates the principle of reusing retired power batteries first and then recycling them, and requires vehicle companies to be the main body of power battery recycling and assume the responsibility for power battery recycling. However, since most vehicle companies are only "assembly plants" for electric vehicles, and batteries are provided by specialized lithium battery pack companies, there is a phenomenon of three types of entities coexisting in power battery recycling: The first type is vehicle companies ; The second category is battery manufacturing companies; the third category is power battery scrap recycling and processing companies and raw material companies.

　　According to regulations, automobile companies should bear the main responsibility for recycling, but they are not omnipotent. To a certain extent, car companies are more like "assembly plants" for electric vehicles. They are responsible for the normal use of lithium battery packs during the warranty period, production and supply, secondary use and recycling, but they are the expertise of battery companies. Unfortunately, battery companies are often excluded from recycling systems, and responsibilities are still unclear.

　　3. The bottleneck of lithium battery pack recycling technology needs to be broken

　　Due to the complex composition, the recycling and reuse of power batteries faces many restrictions and high technical thresholds. There are considerable differences in the types, specifications, and processes of retired batteries, as well as the diversity of series and parallel grouping forms, application models, usage times, and working conditions, making disassembly complex. At the same time, our country has not introduced a unified standard for power batteries, and it is still difficult to use them on a large scale.

　　From the perspective of recycled batteries, even for lithium battery packs, there are various positive electrode materials. The mainstream ones include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganate, lithium iron phosphate, etc. It is leached with acid and alkali solutions, and then undergoes a variety of chemical processes to extract the metal oxides. However, the extraction conditions for the components of these oxides are different, making the mixture more difficult.

　　4. Insufficient support and binding force of policies and regulations

　　Industry insiders said that my country has formulated the "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Hazardous Waste Pollution" and the "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Waste Battery Pollution". In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission took the lead in formulating the "Technical Policy for the Recycling and Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Power Batteries". In 2017, the National Standards Administration issued National standard "Technical Specifications for Recycling, Utilization and Dismantling of Vehicle Power Batteries". These policies and technical standards are all instructive or recommended guidance documents, which serve as reference guides for key enterprises operating in a standardized manner, but do not have any binding effect on illegal traders.

　　5. Lagging behind in recycling technology and processing

　　The entire process of recycling used power lithium battery packs includes dozens of complex steps such as discharge, dismantling, crushing, sorting, impurity removal, and element synthesis. It involves multiple interdisciplinary disciplines such as physics, chemistry, materials, and engineering, and the technology is complex and lengthy. . At present, many developed countries around the world, including Germany, the United States, Japan, etc., are actively supporting and promoting engineering research and development of national common key technologies in this field. However, my country lags behind its international counterparts in terms of power battery recycling and processing technology.

　　In response to the above problems, the entire battery market should further explore how to safely and efficiently realize the cascade utilization of lithium battery packs, establish a benign recycling system that can monitor the entire process, explore the cascade utilization technology of power batteries, and realize the re-recycling of lithium battery packs as soon as possible to avoid Bring unnecessary environmental pollution.

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