Classification of lithium battery separators.18650 lithium battery cells

　　Requirements for lithium battery separators: (1) have electronic insulation to ensure mechanical isolation of positive and negative electrodes; (2) Having a certain pore size and porosity, ensuring low resistance and high ion conductivity, and having good permeability to lithium ions; (3) Due to the strong polarity of organic compounds in the electrolyte, the separator must be resistant to electrolyte corrosion and have sufficient chemical and electrochemical stability; (4) Good wettability of electrolyte and sufficient absorption and moisturizing ability; (5) Having sufficient mechanical properties, including puncture strength, tensile strength, etc., but with a minimum thickness; (6) Good spatial stability and smoothness; (7) Good thermal stability and automatic shutdown protection performance. Power batteries have higher requirements for separators, usually using composite membranes.

　　According to different physical and chemical properties, lithium battery separator materials can be divided into several categories: woven membrane, non-woven membrane (non-woven fabric), microporous membrane, composite membrane, separator paper, roller compacted membrane, and so on. Polyolefin materials have excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability, and relatively inexpensive characteristics. Therefore, polyethylene, polypropylene, and other polyolefin microporous membranes were used as separators for lithium batteries in the early stages of research and development. Although there have been studies in recent years on the preparation of lithium battery separators using other materials, such as BoudunF, who used phase conversion methods to prepare lithium battery separators using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as the bulk polymer. Kuribayash et al. studied cellulose composite membranes as separator materials for lithium batteries. However, up to now, commercial lithium battery separator materials mainly use polyethylene and polypropylene microporous membranes. In recent years, solid and gel electrolytes have begun to be used as a special component, which plays the role of electrolyte and battery separator at the same time. It is a new technical means. Table 1-2 provides the main manufacturers and product information of lithium battery separators.

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