In recent years, my country's new energy vehicle industry has developed
rapidly. However, industrial development is also faced with technical
bottlenecks such as low battery energy density, insufficient cruising range, and
long charging time. Industry pain points have prompted the new energy vehicle
industry chain to actively search for new alternative materials to realize
energy A major breakthrough in density. Graphene has entered the field of new
energy automobile industry due to its good optical, electrical and mechanical
properties. Graphene batteries are also considered to be one of the solutions to
increase battery energy density and shorten charging time.
The new energy field has broad application prospects
Graphene is a two-dimensional carbon nanomaterial composed of carbon atoms
with sp2 hybrid orbitals forming a hexagonal honeycomb lattice. In 2010,
physicists Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov of the University of Manchester
in the United Kingdom successfully separated graphene from graphite using
micromechanical exfoliation methods, and therefore jointly won the 2010 Nobel
Prize in Physics. This is also a sign that society is paying increasing
attention to graphene.
Because graphene has good electrical and thermal conductivity, it currently
has broad application prospects in six major fields: new energy, coatings,
composite materials, general health, energy conservation and environmental
protection, and electronic information. Especially in the field of new energy,
everyone generally has great expectations for improving the energy density of
power batteries and shortening charging time through the application of graphene
materials.
Yuan Jun, engineer of Ningbo CRRC New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.,
introduced at the Beijing Graphene Forum 2018 that because graphene has a high
surface specific area and excellent conductivity, the company's R&D team has
been studying how to further improve the quality of graphene by adding graphene.
To improve the energy density and power density of supercapacitors, it has been
proven that adding graphene improves the product performance of supercapacitors
and can better meet the current power needs of rail transit and vehicles. ˆ
It takes time to go from materials to equipment
However, despite the high popularity of the industry, strong market demand
in all aspects, and high enthusiasm of enterprises and research institutions,
graphene has not made great progress in industrialization in recent years, and
most of it still remains in basic research. , various high-end applications and
products have not come out.
Xiao Jinsong, director of the Raw Materials Industry Research Institute of
the CCID Research Institute of the Ministry of Industry and Information
Technology, said that for a new material to develop into an industry, it must go
through a process from "material" to "device". At present, the development of my
country's graphene industry still faces shortcomings in three major aspects:
technology, market, and cost.
From a technical perspective, there are still problems in the industry that
require breakthroughs in key technologies, and the materials produced by
companies preparing materials are not up to standard. From 2004 to May this
year, the number of patent applications worldwide was about 60,000, and my
country accounted for more than half of them. China is in a leading position in
the world. However, its innovation capabilities are still insufficient and it
lacks real core intellectual property rights. On the one hand, we should be
careful to prevent the graphene industry from falling into the low-end trap. We
should not only look at the number of patents, but also pay attention to the
quality of patents; on the other hand, we should also pay attention to patent
protection.
From a market perspective, the current industrial development lacks the
leadership of leading enterprises. Enterprises are scattered, their power is not
concentrated, and most of them are small workshop-style start-ups. Most
companies pursue all-round development and do not focus on technical division of
labor. Data shows that the number of graphene companies in my country has grown
rapidly in recent years. In 2015, there were about 350 graphene companies in my
country, which increased to 2,059 in 2016 and 4,638 in 2017. However, only 1/5
of them actually started business. about.
There are also certain shortcomings in the application of graphene. Because
downstream application companies have not fully realized the manufacturing of
some high-end application products, there is a phenomenon of production capacity
but no output. From 2016 to now, my country's overall graphene production
capacity has reached approximately 60,000 tons, but much of the production
capacity has not yet been fully converted into output.
In terms of cost, since graphene is a new material, the research and
development cycle of new materials is generally long and the investment in
research and development is very huge. As a result, the current application cost
of graphene is generally high.
Xiao Jinsong pointed out that the above shortcomings have seriously
restricted the process of graphene industrialization in my country. In addition,
issues such as standardization should also be taken seriously.
R&D OEM provides convenience for the integration of production and
research
Liu Zhongfan, the founding director of the Beijing Graphene Research
Institute, pointed out that the new graphene material industry is still at the
peak of expectations rather than the peak of development. The quality of current
graphene is not enough to support the future graphene industry competition.
Graphene The "killer trump card" and applications are still being explored, and
no unique and indispensable applications have yet been found.
A prominent contradiction in the current graphene industry is that the
integration of production and research needs to be further strengthened. At
present, graphene companies are generally small and comprehensive, with
insufficient R&D capabilities. It is difficult to form real core
competitiveness and achieve key technological breakthroughs. Universities often
have rich scientific research capabilities, but they are still insufficient in
integrating with industry.
Liu Zhongfan said that in order to solve this problem, the Beijing Graphene
Research Institute proposed the concept of R&D OEM, which means to set up a
specialized R&D team composed of high-level professionals to meet the
R&D needs of specific enterprises and carry out customized R&D services
based on market demand. technology R & D. By bundling the interests of the
entire project between the enterprise side and the engineering side, we can
provide long-term and stable services to the enterprise's high-tech research and
development, thereby achieving a seamless connection from technology research to
industrialization. At present, the institute has established the first five
R&D OEM centers and will contribute its experience and wisdom to the further
integration of government, industry, research and academia in the graphene
industry.
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