Introduction to new technologies and development trends of high-power UPS
power systems. High-power UPS power supply has penetrated into every important
unit of life. It is currently mainly operated in two scenarios: data center and
critical power supply. It is widely used in various industries such as IDC,
finance, telecommunications, medical care, semiconductors, petroleum and
petrochemicals, airports, rail transit, and electric power. widely used.
Five new technologies for high-power UPS power systems
1. Three operating modes of electrical conversion technology
Inverter priority
Bypass priority
super bypass priority
2.Multi-level inverter technology
It is necessary to find a reasonable balance between the withstand voltage
value and the number of power devices. Schneider Electric's practice has proven
that the availability of tens of thousands of four-level inverters operating
worldwide is superior to traditional power frequency machines.
3. High-power parallel system with new physical architecture
Users in large and very large data centers and in the semiconductor
industry often build UPS systems with a power of 1500KW and above, which
requires a system architecture in which multiple high-power UPS power supplies
are connected in parallel. The new parallel physical structure simplifies the
entire UPS power system and reduces the number of external supporting power
distribution cabinets, switches and cables. The on/off operation is simplified,
and the copper bar connection makes the output impedance consistent. These
features are conducive to improving the availability of high-power UPS
systems.
4. Lithium batteries enter data centers
Ordinary lead-acid batteries are replaced approximately every 3-4 years.
During the 10-12-year life cycle of a three-phase high-power UPS power supply
system, users spend even more money on the battery system than the UPS host.
Compared with lead-acid batteries, the advantages of lithium batteries in terms
of electrical performance are: fast charging, fast discharging, and a cycle life
of up to 6,000-10,000 times. The characteristics of fast discharge make lithium
batteries particularly suitable for short-delay discharge scenarios of
high-power UPS power systems.
5. Cloud services improve system availability
Cloud services have completely changed the after-sales maintenance model,
reducing the number of failures, shortening maintenance time, and improving
system availability. The user's UPS power supply or the entire system can be
directly connected to the cloud monitoring platform, which can provide early
warning of potential failure risks and handle them in advance. When a fault does
occur, the fault can be discovered immediately and the fault location can be
quickly and accurately determined.
Development trend of high power UPS power supply
Intelligent
Through the analysis and synthesis of various types of information, the
intelligent system should not only realize the control function of the normal
operation of the corresponding parts of the UPS power supply, but also realize
real-time monitoring of the running UPS, analyze and process the important data
information in the circuit, and draw conclusions from it. Functions such as
whether each part of the circuit is working normally; when a UPS failure occurs,
it can conduct timely analysis based on the test results, diagnose the fault
location, and provide solutions; take necessary emergency maintenance and
control actions in a timely manner according to on-site needs to prevent
Expansion of the scope of failure; complete necessary self-maintenance, have the
function of exchanging information, and can input information to the computer or
obtain information from the networked machine at any time.
Digitizing
High-power UPS uses the latest digital signal controller (DSP) and
digitized Hall sensor devices to complete 100% digital operation of the UPS
power system. A multiple microprocessor redundant system is also used, using
multiple microprocessors with independent power supplies to control the
rectifier, inverter and internal static bypass, thus improving the
digitalization level and reliability of the system.
High frequency
The power switch of the first generation UPS is a thyristor, the second
generation is a high-power transistor or field effect transistor, and the third
generation is an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor). The switching speed
of high-power transistors or field-effect transistors is an order of magnitude
higher than that of thyristors, and the current capacity and speed of IGBT power
devices are much larger and faster than that of high-power transistors or
field-effect transistors, which reduces the operating frequency of the power
conversion circuit. up to 50kHz. The advancement of conversion circuit frequency
has greatly reduced the inductance, capacitance, noise, and volume used for
filtering, and greatly improved UPS efficiency, dynamic response
characteristics, and control accuracy.
Redundant parallel technology
Through the development of new application technology, multi-module
redundant parallel operation in the UPS power supply can be realized without the
need for additional central control components. The load is evenly distributed.
When a problem occurs in a certain module, the load is automatically
transferred, and hot plugging can be performed during maintenance. Unplug,
greatly improving the power supply reliability of a single UPS. Coupled with the
redundant operation of the system composed of multiple UPS, if a single UPS
fails, it will be shut down immediately, and other UPS systems will
automatically bear the entire load without any impact on the load.
Integrated
With the development of informatization, the application scope of power
supply protection continues to expand and the requirements continue to increase.
It is difficult for high-power UPS to meet these requirements alone. It must
control the links involved in the entire power system. UPS starts from the
initial equipment maintenance and system maintenance. Pure backup power supply
technology for maintenance has been developed to today's integrated applications
of information maintenance, intelligent management and overall computer room
integration. Its connotation has expanded to power generation, power
distribution, conversion, discontinuous power supply, computer room, power
equipment, power cables, data wiring, In terms of environmental monitoring and
system management, it is no longer UPS in the original sense. UPS power supply
equipment is only the central component of the system.
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