no 5 alkaline battery.Lithium battery pack the mainstream technology for future new energy vehicles

　　Lithium battery pack—the mainstream technology for future new energy vehicles. With the development of new energy vehicles, lithium battery packs are one of the important components and their energy density is constantly increasing. From a safety perspective, lithium iron phosphate battery packs are superior to other types of batteries, and they are also the largest used in China. Currently, new energy vehicle batteries are: lithium iron phosphate batteries, ternary lithium batteries, and hydrogen fuel cells.

　　Lithium battery pack—the mainstream technology for future new energy vehicles

　　Lithium-ion batteries are expected to become the mainstream technology for new energy vehicles in the future, but the premise is that safety must also increase with the increase in capacity density. In recent years, with the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry at home and abroad, the power lithium battery pack industry as a core component has attracted much attention. Companies not only have to expand production capacity to ensure production supply, but also face key issues such as continuously improving product energy density. The "tough battle" of indicators.

　　Safety, long driving range, long life, etc. are key indicators that consumers consider when purchasing new energy vehicles. Power lithium battery packs are the core components that determine these indicators. In recent years, consumer demand and the policies of relevant departments have Driven by regulations, safe, long-life, high-specific-energy power batteries have become the mainstream of industrial demand.

　　Lithium iron phosphate battery, this kind of battery has stable performance, safety, and the most important thing is low cost. It is favored by the majority of manufacturers, but this is the past. Due to the shortcomings of high energy consumption and low density, lithium iron phosphate batteries cannot meet the increasing cruising range requirements, and their status in the world is gradually being replaced by ternary lithium battery packs.

　　Ternary lithium batteries, under the natural law of survival of the fittest, have gradually gained popularity due to their high density and, most importantly, cheapness. They can not only ensure the power of the car, but also reduce the cost of the manufacturer. Grace all in one.

　　Hydrogen fuel cells, because lithium batteries have serious pollution risks, hydrogen fuel cells are gradually entering people's field of vision. Hydrogen fuel cells have low pollution, long service life, and no pollution emissions like lithium batteries. Moreover, this kind of battery does not need to be charged and only needs to add hydrogen, which overcomes the current problem of long charging time for new energy vehicles. I believe that hydrogen fuel cells will have a place in the future.

　　In general, lithium iron phosphate battery packs have withdrawn from the market. Ternary lithium batteries are the mainstream batteries used in new energy vehicles and can be regarded as the "king" of car batteries. However, they are very likely to be replaced by hydrogen fuel cells in the future. It is said that one generation is stronger than the other.

　　Prospects of power lithium battery pack technology route

　　First, lithium-ion power batteries are expected to achieve the 300 Wh/kg target by 2020. Currently, domestic and foreign technology research and development are basically at the same level, but safety research needs to be strengthened. The core of this battery is safety.

　　Second, new energy passenger vehicles, especially sedans, may have more important volume specific energy requirements than weight specific energy. Although there are 400 Wh/kg batteries, the volume specific energy is only 400 Wh/L, which is not good for cars. Not very useful. Under normal circumstances, the weight specific energy of lithium-ion batteries can reach 300 Wh/kg, and the volume specific energy can reach 600 Wh/L. Lithium-air batteries combine all the difficulties of zinc-air batteries, hydrogen fuel cells, and lithium secondary batteries. In comparison, hydrogen fuel cells have more competitive advantages.

　　Third, the R&D and industrialization of solid-state batteries continues to heat up. However, it is restricted by two major issues: solid/solid interface stability and rechargeability of metallic lithium anodes. The true all-solid-state lithium battery pack technology has not yet matured, but inorganic sulfide A breakthrough has occurred in lithium-ion batteries as a solid electrolyte. Overall, looking at the development path of solid-state batteries, electrolytes may progress from liquid, semi-solid, solid-liquid mixture to solid, and finally to all-solid. As for the negative electrode, it will change from graphite negative electrode to silicon carbon negative electrode and then to alloyed negative electrode. We are now transforming from graphite negative electrode to silicon carbon negative electrode. Finally, it is possible to use metallic lithium negative electrode, but there are still technical uncertainties.

　　Fourth, China made some breakthroughs in high-capacity lithium-rich cathode materials in 2017. Innovative lithium-ion batteries based on high-capacity lithium-rich cathodes and high-capacity silicon-carbon anodes are more feasible than lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries.

　　As an important part of new energy vehicles, the performance of lithium battery packs determines the overall performance of the vehicle to a large extent. Although my country's new energy vehicles are developing rapidly, the current power batteries still have a lot of room for improvement in terms of charging speed, cruising range, weight control, and low-temperature performance.

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