Characteristics and applications of lithium-ion batteries.18650 lithium ion battery 3.7v

　　As early as 1912, research on lithium batteries using metallic lithium as electrodes began, and it was not until the 1970s that non rechargeable lithium batteries were first applied in the commercial field. In the 1980s, research focused on rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, but did not successfully address the safety issues of batteries. Until 1991, Sony achieved the commercialization of lithium-ion batteries for the first time, which is considered an important milestone in the field of energy technology.

　　As shown in Table 1.1, compared with other secondary batteries such as Ni Cd, lithium-ion batteries have higher energy density (including mass specific energy and volume specific energy), higher charging and discharging cycles, lower discharge rates, and higher single cell operating voltage (3.6V). Obviously, the high operating voltage of lithium-ion batteries will help reduce the size of mobile equipment, high energy density will facilitate the lightweight of the battery, and low discharge rate can also ensure normal use during storage.

　　Over the past decade, the application of lithium-ion batteries has achieved tremendous development and has become one of the main energy sources for communication electronic products. They are widely used in high-end portable consumer electronic products such as laptops, GSM/CDMA, digital cameras, cameras, and PDAs. If adapting to the laptop market, reducing battery costs, and increasing capacity before 1997 is called the first golden period of lithium-ion batteries, then the popularization of portable electronic products such as mobile phones and cameras will bring the lithium-ion battery industry into the second golden period. For example, in 2004, 94% of mobile phone batteries were lithium-ion batteries. With the development of technology, the demand for lithium-ion batteries will become increasingly strong, with an estimated 1.2 billion units in 2005. From the production and sales distribution of lithium-ion batteries, before 2000, Japan was the largest producer and seller of lithium-ion batteries, with a market share of over 95%. But in recent years, with the rapid rise of China and South Korea, Japan's dominant position has gradually been broken, and it is expected that Japan's global market share of lithium-ion batteries will drop to below 50% in 2005.

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