18650 lithium ion battery cell

Applying information technology such as the Internet of Things to consolidate the safety foundation of 18650 lithium ion battery cell

The development of new energy vehicles around the world has entered the fast lane and has become a key area for the world's major economies to compete in the manufacturing and real economy fields. In 2018, China's new energy vehicle sales reached 1.05 million, accounting for more than half of the global market share. According to Bloomberg's forecast, global electric vehicle sales will reach 11 million in 2025 and 30 million in 2030, and China will continue to account for about 50% of global market sales. As China becomes the world's largest electric vehicle market, with policy support, my country's electric vehicle industry has formed a complete industrial chain from upstream raw material supply to midstream 18650 lithium ion battery cell, vehicle controllers, vehicle design and manufacturing, and downstream charging facilities infrastructure, and has become one of the top ten key breakthrough areas of Made in China 2025.

While electric vehicles are developing rapidly, many major safety accidents of electric vehicle fires have occurred in China. In several fire accidents, the main reason was that the battery quality was poor, resulting in a short circuit of the battery cell, which caused the battery to "thermal runaway". The internal temperature of the battery will rise sharply, and the battery will eventually burn or explode violently.

Case evidence

There are many factors behind the frequent safety accidents of electric vehicles, mainly concentrated in the following aspects:

(1) Industry standards and regulations lack positive incentives for electric vehicle safety, especially power battery safety design and management, resulting in the electric vehicle and power battery industry lacking sufficient motivation to develop 18650 lithium ion battery cell and related products with higher safety standards. The traditional automobile industry has mature safety standards (enterprise standards/national standards), industry norms and regulations to develop automobile safety, but in the field of electric vehicles, there is still a lack of effective positive incentives.

(2) At present, China's electric vehicle and power battery industry is relatively new, and the industry standards and national mandatory standards for 18650 lithium ion battery cell and their products are not perfect. There are large differences between domestic and foreign safety testing standards, resulting in domestic power battery safety being weaker than similar foreign products, and there is room for improvement compared with the national strategic goal of Made in China 2025. In contrast, in countries such as Germany, Japan, the United States and France, relevant departments and manufacturers are working with international organizations such as ISO, IEC, VDA to organize host and component companies to explore testing standards and mandatory regulations to reasonably and effectively verify the safety and reliability requirements of vehicles under different operating conditions, affecting the formulation of industry rules of the game.

(3) Electric vehicles have not fully utilized information technology to ensure the health of vehicles, and have not used full life cycle data to predict the nonlinear inflection point of batteries, so as to achieve preventive maintenance. At the same time, there is a lack of information interaction with car owners, and the combination of environmental system data (temperature, weather) provides driving behavior reminders for car owners, takes proactive preventive measures, guides driving behavior, and achieves inherent safety.

Suggestions

(1) First, in the electric vehicle safety standards, strengthen the guidance of the entire industry to improve the safety standards of 18650 lithium ion battery cell. In the automotive industry safety scoring indicators (such as CNCAP), add bonus points for the safety performance of electric vehicles, especially 18650 lithium ion battery cell. For example, for the "thermal runaway" problem that is the most critical to power battery safety, add the scoring content of "electric vehicles that pass the battery cell and module puncture test can provide corresponding bonus points" to encourage the electric vehicle industry to regard safety as the first core element.

(2) China's electric vehicle and power battery industries should adopt unified domestic and foreign standards for product safety. By absorbing the excellent concepts of foreign electric vehicle design and applying the latest safety technologies to the Chinese market, the development quality and level of China's electric vehicle and power battery manufacturing industries can be improved, and a high-end brand effect for China's 18650 lithium ion battery cell can be created. As a major electric vehicle country, China's electric vehicle and power battery industries should keep pace with world standards and occupy an important position in international standard setting. It should strengthen discussions on the formulation and updating of mainstream standards. In certain areas, it should guide the trend of world industry standards based on Chinese characteristics and contribute to the healthy development of the entire industry. It should be synchronized with the Made in China 2025 strategy and lay a solid foundation for China to become a manufacturing power with global leadership and influence.

(3) Encourage the industry to make full use of technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence to achieve the prediction of power battery health and active safety management. The rapid development of the Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence technologies can help the electric vehicle industry to analyze the relationship between electric vehicle, power battery-related data and driving behavior and the environment in real time, and achieve the prediction of battery health and active safety management based on big data analysis and comparison.

· Present the health of the battery and the whole vehicle to the driver in real time in a quantitative form. Once some parts are at high risk, the system can prompt the driver to take preventive measures in advance.

· Present the health in real time and inform the driver how to adjust the driving style to improve the health of the battery and the whole vehicle. This will achieve a positive interaction with the driver and improve the safety of the entire vehicle system.

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