AG3 battery

Brief analysis of the general requirements for AG3 battery quality inspection

What are the general requirements for AG3 battery quality inspection? With the demand for AG3 battery product quality, it is imperative to inspect the quality of battery production. So what are the general requirements for AG3 battery quality inspection?

1) Airtightness. The airtightness test is carried out according to the experimental specifications to fill or extract local gas from each monomer of the AG3 battery (the AG3 battery for automobiles is generally composed of 6 monomers in series) to create an air pressure difference between the monomers of the battery or between the monomers and the outside world to detect whether its sealing performance is intact. If the airtightness is unqualified, the battery will leak and it will also affect the service life of the battery.

2) Capacity. Capacity refers to the amount of electricity that the battery can discharge under certain discharge conditions. It is generally expressed in ampere-hours (Ah), that is, the discharge current ampere (A) multiplied by the discharge time (h). According to the specifications, if the discharge current is constant, the longer the discharge time, the greater the capacity of the battery. The capacity of a battery depends on the amount of active substances in the battery, the thickness of the plates, the size of the distance between the plates, and the concentration and purity of the sulfuric acid solution. The thickness of the plates is also a major factor affecting the capacity. Some consumers think that the thicker the plates, the larger the capacity. In fact, this is not the case. On the contrary, the thickness of the plates is inversely proportional to the utilization rate of the active substances. The apparent area of thin plates is larger than that of thick plates, and the active substances deep in the thin plates can also participate in the reaction more fully to increase the capacity of the battery. Of course, it is not good if the plates are too thin and the active substances are too few. Only plates with moderate thickness can guarantee the capacity of the battery and improve the service life of the battery. The size of the distance between the plates requires strict production technology. The plates of the battery should be more compact when assembled, which not only reduces the volume of the battery, but more importantly, reduces the internal resistance of the battery (excessive internal resistance will cause capacity loss). The concentration and purity of the electrolyte (i.e., sulfuric acid solution) are also one of the factors affecting the quality of the battery.

3) Low temperature starting ability. Low temperature starting capability refers to the ability of a battery to discharge a large amount of electricity in a short time in a low temperature environment. In winter or in cold areas, the car cannot start the engine because the battery has poor low temperature starting performance. According to the standard, the low temperature starting capability test is to place the fully charged battery in a low temperature (<-18℃) environment for at least 20 hours, or when the electrolyte temperature of the intermediate single battery reaches -18℃, then discharge it with a large amount of electricity to detect whether its discharge time meets the standard requirements.

4) Temperature change resistance. The temperature change resistance test is to place the battery in a high (<65℃) and low (-30℃) temperature environment for 24 hours, and then place it in a 25±10℃ environment for 12 hours after removing it. When its shell returns to normal temperature, the air tightness test is carried out. The temperature change resistance test is to assess the adaptability of plastic shell batteries to changes in ambient temperature.

Methods for testing the quality of lead-acid batteries

1) Appearance inspection. The main requirement is that the product logo and identification must be correct, including the factory name, model specification, trademark, polarity symbol, production date and other internal cellars. If the product logo and identification are missing, the item cannot be passed. We have encountered batteries assembled with inferior plates, without trademarks, factory names and other identifications, or pretending to be other brands. Such products are unreliable. Some model specification identifications are inconsistent with actual conditions, causing damage to consumers.

2) Deformation. Battery deformation is not sudden, but often has a process. The battery enters the high-voltage charging area when it is charged to about 80% of its capacity. At this time, oxygen is first precipitated at the positive electrode, and the oxygen passes through the holes in the partition and reaches the negative electrode. Oxygen regeneration reaction is carried out on the negative plate: Pb+O2=2PbO+H2O+Q and PbO+H2SO4=PbSO4+H2O+Q, generating heat during the reaction. When the charging capacity reaches 90%, the oxygen generation rate increases, and the negative electrode begins to produce hydrogen. The increase of a large amount of gas means that the internal pressure of the battery exceeds the valve opening pressure, the safety valve opens, the gas escapes, and finally manifests as water loss. The detection method is: a group of batteries (3) are deformed at the same time, and the voltage is checked first.

3) Testing of starting performance. According to the standard requirements, low temperature starting test and vibration resistance starting test are mainly carried out. Dry charge starting performance is mainly for dry charge type batteries. This test is an instantaneous large discharge. The standard requires that the current of 3.5 to 4 times C20 be used for discharge. The termination single cell voltage is not less than 1.40V. This is the starting current test within 5s when simulating actual starting. Therefore, the voltage value before starting discharge is very important.

4) Battery capacity detection. Commonly used capacity detection methods include appearance size measurement method, storage capacity detection method, 20h and 10h rate capacity detection method. The following is a brief discussion of these three methods. Appearance size measurement method. Compare the length, width and height of the battery to be tested with the standard size to determine the battery capacity level. This detection method is relatively simple, and it is easy for illegal manufacturers to take advantage of loopholes. Generally speaking, the battery capacity is related to the number of cells installed in the battery. The more cells, the greater the capacity. The number of cells installed is related to the equivalent volume of the battery. Some illegal manufacturers use larger battery shells, but install fewer cells to deceive users.

5) Irreversible sulfation detection. Plate sulfation is a common fault of batteries, and many battery failures are also caused by this fault. The main manifestations of plate sulfation are: the voltage rises quickly during charging, gas is precipitated prematurely, and the temperature rises quickly; the voltage drops quickly during discharge and the capacity is small. When the battery has irreversible sulfation, it should be repaired according to the severity of the level. For those with less sulfation, ordinary activation charging (i.e., balance charging) can restore it to normal. The specific method is as follows: Constant voltage and current limiting charging: In the first stage, 0.18C2A is charged to 2.7V/cell for 12-24 hours.

The inspection quality of lead-acid batteries is very important. Whether it is from the appearance inspection, starting performance or capacity inspection, the inspection must be carried out in the correct way. Only in this way can the product quality of batteries be fully guaranteed, the various interests of consumers be ensured, and the core competitiveness of battery companies be improved.

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