6LR61 alkaline battery.Charging for 10 minutes with a range of 290 kilometers, the electric vehicle fast-charging market is in full swing

　　As the electric vehicle market continues to heat up, power battery-related technologies have become the focus of domestic and foreign automobile manufacturers. In order to promote the popularity of electric vehicles and compete for next-generation technology dominance, it is necessary to shorten charging time, especially as high-mileage electric vehicles are launched one after another. How to make charging time comparable to refueling time has always been the goal of automobile manufacturers. According to foreign media reports, General Motors is jointly developing an electric vehicle fast charging system with its partner Delta Americas, with the goal of allowing electric vehicles to charge for 10 minutes to travel 180 miles (approximately 290 kilometers). If this technology is successful, it will be more efficient than Tesla and Porsche's current super fast charging technology.

　　■ The popularization of electric vehicles depends on fast charging

　　The ongoing cooperation project between General Motors and Delta Americas lasts for three years and has a total investment of US$7 million. The goal is to jointly develop a 400kW ultra-fast charging system (XFC). According to reports, the system is developed based on solid-state transformer (SST) technology. It weighs 1/4 of the ordinary DC fast charging system and is half the size. In terms of interface, the "Combined Charging System (CCS)" standard led by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) is adopted.

　　At the same time, the transmission efficiency of this ultra-fast charging system is expected to reach 96.5%, and the electricity charged per minute can provide an electric vehicle with a driving range of 29 kilometers. By comparison, Tesla's Supercharger system has an efficiency of 10 kilometers per minute, while Porsche promises a charging efficiency of about 20 kilometers per minute for the Taycan electric sports car.

　　GM believes that this move will be beneficial to the promotion of electric vehicles. Currently, major mainstream automakers have successively released ambitious plans to promote electric vehicles, and General Motors is no exception. In October last year, General Motors announced that it would accelerate its electrification process. The statement at the time was that "in the next 18 months, GM will launch two new electric vehicles based on the pure electric vehicle platform used by Bolt. In the next five years, 18 new electric vehicles will be added." In other words, by 2023 , GM will sell at least 20 electric vehicles with fast charging capabilities globally.

　　Sam Abusamid, an analyst at Navigant Research, said: "When it comes to charging electric vehicles, everyone wants to be able to refuel as fast as a gas vehicle. This is especially true for people living in cities." Indeed. , to popularize electric vehicles, consumers’ “range anxiety” must be solved. On the one hand, automobile manufacturers must continue to launch new generation products with longer driving range; on the other hand, they must make charging electric vehicles as convenient as refueling fuel vehicles. This requires a two-pronged approach. In addition to a sound charging pile network, shortening charging time is also critical.

　　■ Car companies are investing in fast charging technology

　　Currently, General Motors' Chevrolet Bolt pure electric vehicle uses a DC fast charging pile with a rated power of 90kW, which can travel approximately 145 kilometers in 30 minutes. This charging speed is not satisfactory. In contrast to competitors, on Tesla's official website, Tesla claims that by using its second-generation super charging station with a rated power of 120kW, it can be fully charged in about 30 minutes. Tesla is developing a new generation of super charging stations with a rated power of up to 240kW and is expected to be released within this year.

　　In November last year, BMW, Daimler, Ford, and the Volkswagen Group (including Audi and Porsche) announced the establishment of a joint venture, IONITY, aiming to develop and build a high-power charging network with a power of 350kW to provide comprehensive support for electric vehicles throughout Europe. . Brands such as Audi and Porsche attach great importance to this project and hope to build a comprehensive super-fast charging network to support their long-range electric vehicles that will be launched in the future.

　　At present, Porsche's new pure electric supercar Taycan has opened reservations in many countries, with a driving range of more than 500 kilometers. Porsche claims: "Our goal is to make the charging time of electric vehicles infinitely close to the refueling time of fuel vehicles." According to Audi's plan, its first mass-produced pure electric SUV e-tron will be officially released in San Francisco, USA on September 17 It has also started pre-sales and is expected to officially land in the U.S. market in early 2019. It will also be sold in China as an import, with a driving range of more than 400 kilometers.

　　In addition, Jaguar, BMW, etc. have also launched or plan to launch such high-mileage electric vehicles. At the just-concluded 2018 Chengdu Auto Show, Jaguar I-PACE attracted a lot of attention. Jaguar I-PACE has released a total of four versions this time, with official guide prices ranging from 648,000 to 736,800 yuan, and the official driving range of all series is 500 kilometers. BMW plans to start production of the ix3 in China in 2020, and it is said that the driving range will reach 400 kilometers. For these electric models with a driving range of more than four to five hundred kilometers, fast charging technology is particularly necessary.

　　■ High-power fast charging is the general trend

　　Currently, high-power fast charging has become a trend. GM’s 400kW fast charging system is still under development, but a 350kW fast charging system has already appeared on the market. In April this year, ABB, a world-renowned power equipment supplier, released the 350kW Terra high-power charging system. The company claimed that it only takes 8 minutes to charge and can support electric vehicles to travel 200 kilometers, which is equivalent to 25 kilometers per minute.

　　It is understood that in 2016, the U.S. Department of Energy jointly conducted a technical feasibility study with its partner units on 350kW rated power and 10-minute DC fast charging. Europe has completed the construction of a 350kW high-power charging standard system based on the European standard system. The implementation of the standard will effectively solve the charging safety, temperature rise control, communication protocols and other issues caused by high-power charging. The Japan CHAdeMo Association currently defines fast charging power as 120-180kW, and plans to increase it to 150-200kW by 2020, and further increase it to 350-400kW after 2025.

　　At the beginning of last year, the US charging facility operator EVgo cooperated with ABB to successfully build the first "ultra-high power fast charging station" (150~350kW) in Fremont, California, USA. When the charging station was first built, it only supported 150kW charging power, but according to EVgo, "the system may be upgraded to increase the power to 350kW." ChargePoint, another charging facility operator in the United States, provides a complete set of charging solutions, including , a fast charging system called Express Plus released last year has been launched in Europe and North America, and it is said that the maximum charging power can reach 400kW.

　　The aforementioned IONITY also has new moves. From September 3rd, free charging of electric vehicles at IONITY charging stations will become a thing of the past, with charges of 8 euros, 8 Swiss francs or 8 pounds per charge, depending on the specific region. Currently, IONITY operates 20 charging stations in 8 locations in Europe. According to the plan, IONITY will build 400 charging stations in Europe and use 350kW charging piles. In order to achieve this goal, IONITY has established partnerships with several large companies such as Spanish oil company CEPSA and Italian National Electric Power Company (ENEL) to install fast charging piles at gas stations in Spain, Portugal and other places.

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