AG12 battery.Thousands of batteries, safety first

　　The reason why nickel hydrogen batteries have become the preferred choice for many cars is that they have unparalleled safety and reliability performance. On the one hand, the electrolyte of nickel hydrogen batteries is a non combustible aqueous solution. On the other hand, the specific heat capacity and electrolyte evaporation heat of nickel hydrogen batteries are relatively high, while the energy density is relatively low. This means that even in extreme abnormal situations such as short circuits and punctures, the temperature rise of the battery is not significant and will not cause combustion. Finally, as a relatively mature battery product, nickel hydrogen batteries have low difficulty in quality control and a high yield rate.

　　As of the end of 2014, over 73% of hybrid vehicles worldwide used nickel hydrogen batteries, with a total of over 8 million vehicles. These hybrid vehicles have experienced serious safety accidents caused by batteries during use. As a representative of commercial hybrid vehicles, the Toyota Prius, thanks to its excellent charging and discharging program, has not experienced significant battery life decay after ten years of use. Therefore, mature nickel hydrogen batteries are currently the most commercially valuable batteries.

　　Foreign testers have conducted artificial continuous charging tests on the Prius battery pack, and the battery pack has not caused serious safety accidents as a result.

　　Shallow charging increases lifespan

　　Secondly, nickel hydrogen batteries have good fast charging and discharging performance. The battery capacity of hybrid vehicles is not large, for example, the latest eighth generation Camry dual engine has a battery capacity of only 6.5 kilowatt hours, which is more than half less than the usual 10 kilowatt hours of plug-in hybrids. Due to the working mode of the hybrid system, the battery is constantly charged and discharged quickly, and in this working condition, nickel hydrogen batteries have more advantages compared to lithium-ion batteries.

　　Although the energy density of nickel hydrogen batteries is only 60-80% of that of lithium-ion batteries (100J/m for lithium-ion batteries), due to the lower requirements for safety protection, temperature control, etc., nickel hydrogen batteries can easily find their place in hybrid vehicles without the need for large volumes.

　　The special power system of hybrid vehicles, under a reasonable power output strategy, usually only 10% of the battery capacity is used during driving, and even in the most extreme cases, the maximum battery usage can only be about 40%. In other words, about 60% of the battery's power is never used, which is called a shallow charging battery management strategy. For nickel hydrogen batteries, which have been improved from nickel chromium batteries and greatly improved battery memory effects, it can greatly extend their service life, with charging and discharging cycles reaching over 10000 times.

　　The Consumer Report of the United States once surveyed over 36000 Prius car owners and concluded that the vehicle has high reliability and very low usage costs. In response, Consumer Reports conducted the same standard fuel consumption and performance tests on a first generation Prius that has traveled 330000 kilometers for 10 years and a first generation Prius that only traveled 3200 kilometers ten years ago. The results show that the old and new cars, which have been driving 330000 kilometers for 10 years, maintain the same level of fuel consumption and power performance, indicating that the nickel hydrogen battery pack and hybrid system are still working normally.

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