A reporter from China Business News found that water-based hydrogen
production technology is not new in developed countries such as Europe and the
United States. It is still in the laboratory today.
Faced with doubts from across the country, 61-year-old Pang Qingnian, the
leader of Young Auto, finally spoke.
"'Vehicle hydrolysis hydrogen production technology' requires the use of
aluminum powder and water." Two days after the "water hydrogen production" story
fermented, Pang Qingnian told the China Business News 1℃ reporter on May 25 that
it also needs to be added. A "mysterious" catalyst composed of nanomaterials.
After the incident, on May 24, 1℃ reporters disclosed the authoritative basic
principles of this technology to the public for the first time (for details, see
China Business News’ May 24 “Revealing the Secret of “Water Hydrogen Fuel
Vehicle”, Commercial Gimmick or Feasible Technology”).
1℃ reporters found through investigation that the technology Pang Qingnian
mentioned is not new in developed countries such as Europe and the United
States. “The United States has been conducting research in this area at least 20
years ago.” An authoritative expert who has participated in hydrogen energy
research in European and American countries said in an interview with a 1℃
reporter.
Hydrolysis hydrogen production technology has been tested repeatedly in
developed countries such as Europe and the United States, and was finally
determined by the U.S. Department of Energy to have no commercial feasibility in
the automotive field. Today, this technology is still lying in the laboratories
of these countries.
Technology is still in the research and experimental stages
Scientifically speaking, hydrogen can be obtained by reacting water, a
metal or a metal hydride, and certain catalyst additions with water under acidic
or alkaline conditions. The real fuel is actually metal hydride or metal. Water
is only one of the reactants. Water consumes metal or metal hydride by
participating in chemical reactions to produce hydrogen. Water does not
spontaneously turn into hydrogen. Hydrogen production methods using such
scientific principles cannot yet be applied in the automotive field. Currently,
the only commercial hydrogen vehicles use compressed hydrogen stored in
high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles.
The "Related Information on the Cooperation between Nanyang High-tech Zone
and Youth Automobile Project" issued by the Nanyang High-tech Zone Management
Committee shows that the basic principle of the vehicle-mounted hydrolysis
hydrogen production technology, which is the protagonist of this "water hydrogen
production" incident, is "aluminum alloy powder + catalyst + water" reaction to
produce hydrogen.
In this regard, the above-mentioned authoritative experts who have
participated in hydrogen energy research in European and American countries
explained to 1℃ reporters that through repeated tests, foreign countries have
long discovered that the specific operating conditions, processes, equipment,
and economy, safety, and environmental protection of hydrolysis hydrogen
production technology Many indicators such as safety and environmental
adaptability show that at present, this technology is not suitable for
widespread commercial use in the automotive field.
He further explained that hydrogen production from water faces at least
three difficult challenges in the automotive field. First of all, the reaction
between aluminum alloy powder and water to replace hydrogen cannot use ordinary
aluminum materials. A large amount of modifications to the metal aluminum and
the addition of additives are required, which is extremely expensive. Secondly,
such reactions often need to be effective under acidic or alkaline conditions. A
chemical reaction occurs to obtain hydrogen, but this reaction process is highly
corrosive, reaction control is difficult, the related equipment has a complex
structure, requires high corrosion resistance, and the cost is very high; in
addition, the chemical reaction produces The metal hydrate (slurry) product has
certain corrosiveness and environmental toxicity, and is not easy to be recycled
and reused.
1℃ reporters found out by reviewing many academic papers on water hydrogen
production from many domestic universities and colleges that at present,
hydrolysis hydrogen production technology is still in the research and
experimental stage.
For example, a paper from the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
of South China University of Technology titled "Progress in the Development of
Hydrogen Production Technology from Aluminum-Water Reaction" states: "The dense
oxide layer on the aluminum surface prevents the contact reaction of
aluminum-water to produce hydrogen. In the current situation Among some methods
for removing the passivation layer, such as alkali addition method, melting
method, alloy method, etc., adding a certain concentration of alkali solution is
a fast and relatively effective method. However, the strong corrosiveness of
alkali limits it to a certain extent. Therefore, finding a safer and more
effective method to remove aluminum oxide is still one of the directions of
current research."
Although metallic aluminum has high reactivity, there is a dense oxide film
on its surface, which hinders the contact reaction between aluminum and water.
Therefore, to achieve the aluminum-water reaction, the key is to remove this
oxide film.
An insider revealed to the 1℃ reporter that the “mysterious” catalyst
composed of nanomaterials that Pang Qingnian mentioned has the function of
eliminating the dense oxide layer on the aluminum surface to prevent the contact
of aluminum and water, speeding up the reaction speed of aluminum and water, and
improving the reaction production of aluminum and water. Hydrogen conversion
rate.
The above statement from the Nanyang High-tech Zone Management Committee
shows that the vehicle-mounted hydrolysis hydrogen production technology has
been jointly developed by Hubei University of Technology and Youth Automobile
since June 2006. It was developed by a team headed by Professor Dong Shijie of
Hubei University of Technology. In 2010, it was approved by the Ministry of
Science and Technology’s “973 Program” "The project was approved and relevant
patents have been obtained.
Through inquiries, 1℃ reporters found that a description of
"Vehicle-mounted Aluminum Alloy Hydrolysis Hydrogen Production Technology"
published on the school's official website stated that in order to increase the
aluminum-water reaction speed, the team led by Professor Dong Shijie of the
school proposed a method through optimization The composition and preparation
process of the hydrogen-producing aluminum alloy are used to obtain a
hydrogen-producing aluminum alloy with high activity and achieve rapid
hydrolysis to produce hydrogen.
The "explanation" also shows that Dong Shijie's team's aluminum alloy for
hydrogen production through hydrolysis and its preparation method mainly adopt
mechanical alloying, adding a small amount of low-melting point metal and
inorganic salts to the metal aluminum powder to prepare an aluminum alloy that
can react with water at normal temperatures and pressures. A hydrogen-producing
aluminum alloy that reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas.
This use is not realistic
Also on May 26, Dong Shijie announced to the media that the efficient and
low-cost aluminum alloy hydrolysis hydrogen production material developed by the
team has obtained 10 authorized patents. "It is a real technological innovation.
The United States and other countries also have similar technologies, but our
technology is already at the world's advanced level in terms of hydrogen
production speed, efficiency and other industrial preparation applications."
However, relevant data shows that the current reaction of adding water to
new aluminum alloys to produce hydrogen requires very high temperatures, the
reaction speed is also very slow, and the conversion efficiency is only 50%.
A research report obtained by 1℃ reporters from the National Energy Group,
which is entering the hydrogen energy industry, shows that at present, the
conventional methods of hydrogen production mainly include: hydrogen production
from fossil fuels, hydrogen production from industrial by-products, and hydrogen
production from abandoned electricity. The terminal hydrogen price of these
hydrogen production methods is comparable to the price of gasoline. This report
also did not mention the "water-to-hydrogen" method used by Youth Cars.
Different from the time when the Nanyang High-tech Zone Management
Committee mentioned the research and development time of "vehicle-mounted
aluminum alloy hydrolysis hydrogen production technology" in the above
statement, Pang Qingnian claimed that he began to lead relevant technicians to
engage in the research and development of water-based hydrogen production
technology in 2003.
Even so, a domestic hydrogen energy expert who did not want to be named
said in an interview with a 1℃ reporter: "The hydrolysis hydrogen production
technology of Young Cars has not achieved real innovation and breakthrough. This
technology is only developed in European and American countries. Basically, it
has just found a use (car), and this use is a direction that has been abandoned
by foreign countries, which is not realistic."
The hydrogen energy expert added that such chemical reactions often have
high requirements for water quality, and it is absolutely impossible to use any
water source as claimed by Young Car. Some scholars believe that the reaction
products can be reprocessed to produce higher-priced by-products. In fact, this
not only involves the need for a complete recovery system, but more importantly,
the current recovery of reaction products is only reprocessed at the laboratory
stage. Experiments and experimental results show that such a recycling process
has problems of high energy consumption and high pollution.
"Currently (the "vehicle hydrolysis hydrogen production technology" vehicle
built by Youth Automobile) has not yet been put into the market, let alone
licensed. It can only be tried in its own factory." On May 25, Pang Qingnian
told the media including China Business News the reporter said.
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