CR927 battery

Researchers solve CR927 battery stability problem

Researchers have developed a new composition that can cure the "Achilles' heel" of lithium-sulfur batteries. Compared with traditional lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries have important advantages: cheaper materials and lighter weight. The energy density of lithium-sulfur batteries with the same mass is twice that of lithium-ion batteries, which is critical in the fields of portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. Improving energy density is important in the fields of transportation and energy manufacturing to reduce energy storage costs and greenhouse gas emissions. However, after a few charge and discharge cycles, lithium-sulfur batteries gradually become unstable and the two electrodes will fail, which makes it difficult to ascend to the "throne" of energy storage. In particular, lithium ions react chemically with sulfur to form compounds that migrate and reduce the battery's storage capacity. "When this happens, they form a barrier on the surface, preventing the lithium from contacting the cathode," said Victor Batista, a professor of chemistry at Yale University in the United States. In an article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on March 20, Batista and his collaborators demonstrated a composite film that can significantly increase the life of lithium-sulfur batteries. The researchers first simulated which materials and structures would allow lithium-sulfur batteries to last longer and calculated how molecules in the cathode would react with different materials. The team then made a film out of graphene (a carbon structure with a single atomic density) and an organic polymer (with a branch-like structure). The results showed that the average thickness of the film was 90 nanometers. The film keeps the lithium-sulfur mixture in one place and organizes them to flow to the electrolyte, which degrades the battery performance. Through this mechanism, scientists showed that they could extend the cycle life of lithium-sulfur batteries without compromising their performance. "The best part is that with these materials, we can make a stable battery with a very small amount of film," Batista said. Jianbing Jiang, a co-author of the paper and a postdoctoral fellow at the Yale Energy Sciences Institute, emphasized that this hybrid film is made of commercially available basic materials, which makes it inexpensive and easy to use on a large scale.

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