LR44 battery

　　US researchers have found a new way to stabilize the performance of high-capacity LR44 battery!

　　Researchers at Northwestern University have found a new way to stabilize the performance of record-breaking high-capacity LR44 battery. Based on the lithium manganese oxide positive electrode, this innovation can more than double the power of smartphones and electric vehicles.

　　"This battery electrode has achieved the highest capacity of a transition metal oxide-based electrode ever recorded. Its capacity is more than twice that of your current mobile phone or computer."

　　Christopher Wolverton, Jerome B. Cohen Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at the McCormick School of Engineering at Northwestern University, said.

　　"The high capacity of this electrode indicates that it has made a huge improvement in the goal of lithium-ion LR44 battery for electric vehicles." Christopher added.

　　The research was reported online in the journal Science Development on May 18.

　　Lithium-ion LR44 battery work by moving lithium ions back and forth between positive and negative electrodes. The positive electrode is made of compounds containing lithium ions, transition metals and oxygen. Transition metals, usually cobalt, effectively store and release electrical energy when lithium ions migrate back and forth between the positive and negative electrodes. The capacity of the cathode is therefore limited by the number of electrons in the transition metal that participates in the reaction.

　　A French research team first identified the high-capacity properties of lithium manganese oxide in 2016. By replacing the traditional cobalt with cheaper manganese, the researchers developed a cheaper electrode with twice the capacity. But it was not perfect. Because the battery performance dropped significantly during the first two cycles, the scientists considered it unusable for commercial use. At the same time, they did not fully understand the chemical roots of battery performance degradation and its high capacity.

　　After painting a comprehensive, atomically connected picture of the cathode, Wolverton's team discovered the reason behind the material's high performance: it drives oxygen into the reaction process. By using oxygen and transition metals to store and release electrical energy, the battery has a greater capacity to store and use more lithium.

　　The Northwestern team then turned their research focus to how to stabilize the battery performance and prevent its rapid degradation.

　　"With the help of theories of the charging process, we used high-speed computing to search through the periodic table to find ways to alloy compounds with other elements to enhance the battery's performance," said Zhenpeng Yao, a former doctoral student in Wolverton's lab and co-first author of the article.

　　The calculations identified two elements that might work: vanadium and chromium. The research team estimates that mixing lithium manganese oxide with one of these will produce a stable compound that can maintain the unparalleled high performance of the positive electrode. Wolverton and his partners will then test these theoretical compounds experimentally in the laboratory.

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