Column rechargeable battery

　　Column rechargeable battery recycling technology and recycling process

　　Column rechargeable battery recycling technology and recycling process. At this stage, my country's waste lithium battery recycling system is not yet complete, and recycling technology and business models have not yet reached mature standards. Lithium-ion batteries have penetrated into every corner of our work and life. The current total consumption of lithium-ion batteries nationwide is 7.8 billion units. Lithium battery recycling work is large and urgent.

　　Column rechargeable battery recycling technology

　　Environmentally friendly and harmless disposal of lithium batteries meets the requirements of sustainable development. A large number of lithium-ion batteries have entered the market, and the recycling and reuse of used lithium-ion batteries has also become a major challenge for the industry.

　　The resource recycling technology of used lithium-ion batteries is to separate the valuable components in used lithium-ion batteries based on their respective physical and chemical properties. Generally speaking, the entire recycling process is divided into 4 parts: (1) pretreatment part; (2) electrode material repair; (3) leaching of valuable metals; (4) chemical purification.

　　In the recycling process, Column rechargeable battery recycling technology can be divided into three major categories according to different extraction processes:

　　1. Dry recycling technology

　　Dry recycling mainly includes mechanical sorting and high-temperature pyrolysis (or high-temperature metallurgy). The dry recycling process is short and the recycling is not highly targeted. It is the preliminary stage of metal separation and recycling. Mainly refers to the method of directly realizing the recovery of materials or valuable metals without using media such as solutions. It mainly uses physical sorting methods and high-temperature pyrolysis methods to roughly screen and classify battery crushing, or high-temperature decomposition to remove organic matter for further processing. Element recycling.

　　2. Wet recycling technology

　　Wet recycling technology is more complex, but has a higher recovery rate of valuable metals. It is currently the main technology used to deal with waste nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Wet recovery technology uses various acid and alkaline solutions as transfer media to transfer metal ions from electrode materials to the leachate, and then removes metal ions from the electrode materials in the form of salts, oxides, etc. through ion exchange, precipitation, adsorption, etc. extracted from the solution.

　　3. Biological recycling technology

　　Biological recycling technology has the characteristics of low cost, low pollution and reusability, and is an ideal direction for the development of Column rechargeable battery recycling technology in the future. Biological recovery technology mainly uses microbial leaching to convert useful components of the system into soluble compounds and selectively dissolve them to obtain a solution containing effective metals, achieve separation of target components and impurity components, and ultimately recover valuable components such as lithium. Metal. At present, research on biological recovery technology has just started. In the future, the problems of cultivating efficient bacterial strains, long cycles and the control of leaching conditions will be gradually solved.

　　Lithium battery recycling technology

　　1. Ladder utilization and raw material recycling

　　Retired power lithium batteries are reused in a tiered manner, with materials recycled after tiered utilization; direct material recycling is done in batches that are too small, have no history to check, or fail safety monitoring, etc.

　　2. Extraction method of valuable metals from cathode materials

　　The current recycling of power lithium batteries does not actually achieve the comprehensive recycling and reuse of all types of materials on the entire battery. The types of cathode materials mainly include: lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, ternary lithium, lithium iron phosphate, etc.

　　3. Hydrometallurgy

　　Hydrometallurgy is a method that uses appropriate chemical reagents to selectively dissolve the cathode materials in used lithium-ion batteries and separate the metal elements in the leachate. The hydrometallurgical process is more suitable for recycling waste lithium batteries with a relatively single chemical composition. It can be used alone or in combination with high-temperature metallurgy. It has low equipment requirements and low processing costs. It is a very mature processing method and is suitable for small and medium-sized enterprises. Large-scale recycling of used lithium-ion batteries.

　　4. Pyrometallurgy

　　Pyrometallurgy, also known as incineration or dry metallurgy, removes organic binders from electrode materials through high-temperature incineration, while causing oxidation-reduction reactions of metals and their compounds to recover low-boiling-point metals and compounds in the form of condensation. Its compounds are recovered by screening, pyrolysis, magnetic separation or chemical methods to recover the metal in the slag. Pyrometallurgy has low requirements on the composition of raw materials and is suitable for large-scale processing of more complex lithium batteries.

　　Column rechargeable battery recycling process

　　From the perspective of the sequence of the recycling process, the first step: the pretreatment process, whose purpose is to initially separate and recover the valuable parts of the old Column rechargeable battery, and to efficiently and selectively enrich high value-added parts such as electrode materials to facilitate subsequent recycling. The process went smoothly. The pretreatment process generally combines crushing, grinding, screening and physical separation methods.

　　Step 2: Material separation. The mixed electrode materials of the positive and negative electrodes are enriched in the pretreatment stage. In order to separate and recover valuable metals such as Co and Li, the mixed electrode materials need to be selectively extracted.

　　Step 3: Chemical purification. Its purpose is to separate, purify and recover various high value-added metals in the solution obtained during the leaching process. The leachate contains various elements such as Ni, Co, Mn, Fe, Li, Al and Cu, among which Ni, Co, Mn and Li are the main recovered metal elements. After Al and Fe are selectively precipitated by adjusting the pH, the elements such as Ni, Co, Mn and Li in the leachate are then processed and recovered in the next step.

　　Analysis of my country's lithium battery recycling market

　　1. It is speculated that the cumulative scrap volume of power batteries in my country in 2016 was approximately 20,000-40,000 tons. By around 2020, the cumulative scrap volume of batteries for pure electric passenger vehicles and hybrid passenger vehicles in my country will exceed 150,000 tons, reaching a scale of about 170,000 tons. It can be seen that the recycling and reuse of waste lithium batteries has a broad market.

　　2. Suggestions and Countermeasures

　　Improve targeted, fixed-cycle recycling, government-led, and manufacturer-cooperated models.

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